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This 1997 study by Gerald K. Haines, National Reconnaissance Office historian, traces CIA interest in UFOs from the late 1940s to 1990 using Agency records compiled after DCI R. James Woolsey ordered a 1993 file review. It covers Air Force projects SIGN, GRUDGE and BLUE BOOK, the 1953 Robertson panel, U-2 and OXCART flights mistaken for UFOs, and disputes with Keyhoe and Davidson. It concludes that Agency concern was substantial until the early 1950s and limited and peripheral since.
UFOs 10February 1953;Chadwell, letter to Robertson, 28January 1953; and Reber,memorandum for JAG, Uni dentifiedFlyingObjects, 18 February 1953. Onbriefing the ONE, seeDurant,memorandum for therecord, Briefing ofONEBoard onUnidentifiedFlyingObjects, 30 January 1953 and CIASummary dis seminated to the field, Unidentified FlyingObjects, 6February 1953. 36. SeeChadwell, letter toJulius A. Strat ton,ProvostMIT, 27January 1953. 37. SeeChadwell,memorandum for Chief,Physics andElectronics Divi sion/OSI(Todos M.Odarenko), UnidentifiedFlyingObjects, 27 May 1953. 38. SeeOdarenko,memorandum to Chadwell, UnidentifiedFlying Objects, 3 July 1953. See also Odarenko,memorandum toChad- well, CurrentStatus ofUnidentified FlyingObjects(UFOB)Project, 17 December 1953. 39. SeeOdarenko,memorandum, Uni dentifiedFlyingObjects, 8August 1955. 40. SeeFBIS,report, MilitaryUnconven tionalAircraft, 18August 1953 and variousreports, Military-Air,Uncon ventionalAircraft, 1953, 1954, 1955. 41.Developed by theCanadianaffiliate ofBritain s A. V. Roe, Ltd.,Project Y didproduce asmall-scalemodel that hovered a few feet off theground. See Odarenko,memorandum toChad we!!, FlyingSaucerType ofPlanes 25 May 1954;Frederic C. E. Oder, memorandum toOdarenko, USAF ProjectY, 21 May 1954; and Odarenko, T. M.Nordbeck,Ops/SI, andSidneyGraybeal,ASD/SI,memo randum for therecord, Intelligence Responsibilities forNon-Conven tionalTypes ofAirVehicles, 14June 1954. 42. SeeReubenEfron,memorandum, Observation ofFlyingObjectNear Baku, 13October 1955;Scoville, memorandum for therecord, Inter viewwithSenatorRichard B.Russell, 27October 1955; andWilton E. Lexow,memorandum forinformation, ReportedSighting ofUnconventional Aircraft, 19October 1955. 43. SeeLexow,memorandum forinforma tion, ReportedSighting of UnconventionalAircraft, 19October 1955. See alsoFrank C.Bolser,mem orandum forGeorge C.Miller, DeputyChief,SAD/SI, Possible SovietFlyingSaucers,CheckOn; Lexow,memorandum, Possible SovietFlyingSaucers,Follow Up On, 17December 1954;Lexow, memorandum, PossibleSovietFlying Saucers, 1December 1954; and A. H.Sullivan, Jr.,memorandum, Possi bleSovietFlyingSaucers, 24 November 1954. 44. SeeGregory W.Pedlow andDonald E.Welzenbach, TheCentralIntelli genceAgency andOverhead Reconnaissance. The U-2 and OXCARTPrograms,1954-1974 (Washington, DC: CIAHistoryStaff, 1992), pp.72-73. 45. SeePedlow andWelzenbach, Over headReconnaissance, pp.72-73. This also wasconfirmed in atelephone interviewbetween theauthor and JohnParongosky, 26 July 1994. Parongoskyoversaw theday-to-day affairs of theOXCARTprogram. 46. SeeJacobs, The UFOControversy, p. 135. 47. SeePeebles, Watch theSkies, pp. 128- 146;Ruppelt, TheReport onUnidenti fiedFlyingObjects(NewYork: Doubleday, 1956);Keyhoe, The Fly ingSaucerConspiracy(NewYork: Holt, 1955); andJacobs, The UFO Controversy, pp.347-49. 48. SeeStrong, letter toLloyd W.Berkner; Strong, letter toThorton Page;Strong, letter toRobertson;Strong, letter to SamuelGoudsmit;Strong, letter to LuisAlvarez, 20December 1957; and Strong,memorandum forMajorJames F.Byrne,AssistantChief ofStaff, Intel ligenceDepartment ofthe AirForce, Declassification ofthe Report ofthe ScientificPanel onUnidentifiedFlying Objects, 20December 1957. See alsoBerkner, letter toStrong, 20 November 1957 and Page, letter to Strong, 4December 1957. Thepanel members were alsoreluctant to have theirassociationwith theAgency released. 49. SeeWilton E.Lexow,memorandum for therecord, Comments onLetters DealingwithUnidentifiedFlying Objects, 4April 1958; J. S.Earman, letter toMajorLawrence J.Tacker, Office of theSecretary of the Air Force,InformationService, 4April 1958;Davidson, letter toBerkner, 8 April 1958;Berkner, letter toDavid son, 18 April 1958;Berkner, letter to Strong, 21 April 1958;Davidson, let ter toTacker, 27April 1958; Davidson, letter toAllenDulles, 27 April 1958;Ruppelt, letter toDavid son, 7 May 1958;Strong, letter to Berkner, 8 May 1958;Davidson, let ter toBerkner, 8 May 1958; Davidson, letter toEarman, 16 May 1958;Davidson, letter toGoudsmit, 18 May 1958;Davidson, letter to Page, 18 May 1958; andTacker, let ter toDavidson, 20 May 1958. 50. SeeLexow,memorandum for Chapin, 28 July 1958. 51. SeeGood,Above TopSecret, pp. 346- 47;Lexow,memorandum for the record, Meetingwith the Air Force PersonnelConcerningScientificAdvi soryPanelReport onUnidentified FlyingObjects, dated 17January 1953 (S), 16 May 1958. See also La Rae L. Tee!,DeputyDivisionChief, ASD,memorandum for therecord, Meetingwith Mr.Chapin onReply ing to LeonDavidson s UFOLetter andSubsequentTelephoneConversa tion withMajorThacker, sicl 22 May 1958. 52. SeeEdwin M.Ashcraft,Chief, ContactDivision(Scientific),memo- 81
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