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This 1997 study by Gerald K. Haines, National Reconnaissance Office historian, traces CIA interest in UFOs from the late 1940s to 1990 using Agency records compiled after DCI R. James Woolsey ordered a 1993 file review. It covers Air Force projects SIGN, GRUDGE and BLUE BOOK, the 1953 Robertson panel, U-2 and OXCART flights mistaken for UFOs, and disputes with Keyhoe and Davidson. It concludes that Agency concern was substantial until the early 1950s and limited and peripheral since.
UFOs 10. (S) SeeEdwardTauss,memorandum forDeputyAssistantDirector, SI, FlyingSaucers, 1August 1952. See alsoUnitedKingdom,Report by the FlyingSaucer WorkingParty, Uni dentifiedFlyingObjects, no date (approximately1950). 11. See Dr. Stone, OSI,memorandum to Dr.WillardMachle, OSI, 15March 1949 andRalph L.Clark,Acting AssistantDirector, OSI,memoran dum forDDI, RecentSightings 0f UnexplainedObje~ts, 29 July 1952. 12. Stone,memorandum toMachle. See alsoClark,memorandum forDDI, 29 July 1952. 13. SeeKlass, UFOs, p. 15. For abrief review of theWashingtonsightings see Good,Above TopSecret, pp.269-27 1. 14. SeeRalph L. Clark,ActingAssistant Director, OSI,memorandum to DDI RobertAmory, Jr., 29 July 1952. OSI and OCT were in theDirectorate ofIntelligence.Established in 1948, OSIserved as theCIA s focal point for theanalysis offoreignscientific andtechnologicaldevelopments. In 1980, OSI wasmerged into theOffice ofScience andWeaponsResearch. TheOffice ofCurrentIntelligence (OCI),established on 15January 1951 was toprovideall-sourcecurrent intelligence to thePresident and the NationalSecurityCouncil. 15. Tauss,memorandum forDeputy AssistantDirector, SI(PhilipStrong), 1August 1952. 16. On 2January 1952, DCIWalter BedellSmithcreated aDeputyDirec torate forIntelligence(DDI)composed of sixovert CIAorganizations OSI, OCI,Office ofCollection andDissemi nation,OfficeNationalEstimates, Office ofResearch andReports, and theOffice ofIntelligence Coordina tion toproduceintelligenceanalysis for USpolicymakers. 17. SeeMinutes ofBranchChief sMeet ing, 11August 1952. 18. Smithexpressed hisopinions at a meeting in the DCIConference Roomattended by his topofficers. SeeDeputyChief,Requirements Staff, PT,memorandum forDeputy Director, Plans, FlyingSaucers, 20 August 1952,Directorate ofOpera tionsRecords,Information Management Staff, Job86-00538R, Box 1. (S) 19. See CIAmemorandum,unsigned, FlyingSaucers, 11August 1952. 20. See CIA,memorandum,unsigned, FlyingSaucers, 14August 1952. 21. See CIA,memorandum,unsigned, FlyingSaucers, 19August 1952. 22. SeeChadwell,memorandum for Smith, 17September 1952 and 24 September 1952, FlyingSaucers. See alsoChadwell,memorandum for DCISmith, 2October 1952 and Klass, UFOs, pp.23-26. 23.Chadwell,memorandum for DCI withattachments, 2December 1952. See alsoKiass, UFOs, pp. 26-27 and Chadwell,memorandum, 25Novem ber 1952. 24. SeeChadwell,memorandum, 25 November 1952 andChadwell,mem orandum, Approval inPrinciple - ExternalResearchProjectConcerned withUnidentifiedFlyingObjects, no date. See alsoPhilip G.Strong, OSI, memorandum for therecord, Meet ingwith Dr.Julius A.Stratton, Executive VicePresident andProvost, MIT and Dr. MaxMillikan,Director ofCENTS. Strongbelieved that in order toundertake such areview they would need the fullbacking and sup port ofDCISmith. 25. SeeChadwell,memorandum for DCI, UnidentifiedFlyingObjects, 2December 1952. See alsoChad- well,memorandum forAmory, DDI, Approval inPrinciple -External ResearchProjectConcernedwith Uni dentifiedFlyingObjects, no date. 26. The IAC wascreated in 1947 to serve as acoordinating body inestablishing intelligencerequirements. Chaired by the DCI, the IACincludedrepresenta tives from theDepartment ofState, theArmy, the AirForce, theJoint Chiefs ofStaff, the FBI, and theAEC. 27. SeeKiass, UFOs, p. 27. 28. SeeRichard D.Drain,ActingSecre tary, JAC, Minutes ofMeeting held inDirector sConferenceRoom, AdministrationBuilding, CIA, 4 December 1952. 29. (5) SeeChadwell,memorandum for therecord, BritishActivity in the Field ofUFOs, 18December 1952. 30. SeeChadwell,memorandum for DCI, Consultants forAdvisoryPanel onUnidentifiedFlyingObjects, 9 January 1953;CurtisPeebles, Watch theSkies! AChronicle oftheFlyingSau cerMyth(Washington, DC: SmithsonianInstitution Press, 1994). pp.73-90; andJacobs, The UFO Con troversy, pp.91-92. 31. See Fred C.Durant III,Report on the Robertson PanelMeeting,January 1953. Durant, oncontractwith OSI and a pastpresident of theAmerican RocketSociety,attended theRobert son panelmeetings andwrote a summary of theproceedings. 32. SeeReport of theScientificPanel on UnidentifiedFlyingObjects (the Rob ertsonReport), 17January 1953 and theDurantreport on thepanel discussions. 33. SeeRobertsonReport andDurant Report. See alsoGood,Above Top Secret, pp.337-38,Jacobs, The UFO Controversy, p. 95, andKlass, UFO s, pp.28-29. 34. SeeRebet,memorandum to IAC, 18 February 1953. 35. SeeChadwell,memorandum for DDI, UnidentifiedFlyingObjects, 80
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