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The Roswell Report: Fact vs. Fiction in the New Mexico Desert
USAF / The Black Vault · 1995 · 882 pages · text by OCR
The Roswell Report: Fact versus Fiction in the New Mexico Desert was published by Headquarters United States Air Force in 1995. The Black Vault distributes this copy. It reproduces the report by Col. Richard L. Weaver and the synopsis by 1st Lt. James McAndrew, both written after a General Accounting Office inquiry requested by Representative Steven Schiff. The Air Force search found no evidence of an extraterrestrial craft or crew. It concluded that the Roswell debris most likely came from NYU Flight No. 4, a Project MOGUL balloon train.
“Gross”27 pages
- p. 118 …Robert Gross and Mr. Maher of Lockheed
11:55 A.M. Gen. Sam Anderson
12:00…
- p. 393 …in the form of an altitude vs. gross load chart with helium as the lifting gas…
- p. 394 …4}{\text {Gross Load}} = \frac {K}{W}
$$
In turn, $ \frac{K}{W}=a e^{-0. 4…
- p. 395 …free lift in pounds and G is gross lift in pounds.
Although this equation was derived…
- p. 400 …By equation (10), with a gross load of 52 kg., the unbalance caused by loss of…
- p. 412 …or a gross buoyancy of 450 lb., the maximum allowable inflation of a 30' diameter, .001…
- p. 479 …accelerating force equal to 5% of the gross load (52 kg) was acting to bring the…
- p. 552 …000 feet.
In one step, this becomes:
Gross Lift/Balloon = (Balloon Volume) x (Difference in molecular…
- p. 555 …of rise in feet per minute
G = gross lift in grams
For our purposes, we wish…
- p. 559 …G) ^ {\frac {2}{3}}
$$
(Approximate)
where G = gross load
A chart, Figure 24, has beendrawn up…
- p. 561 …where $ \triangle G= $ loss of lift
G = gross load (balloon weight plus equipment load)
$ \triangle T…
- p. 562 …not including balloon or its integral parts.
Gross load: Load on the gas at release (Balloon…
- p. 635 …Serial No. ___
description ___ ___
Line length ___
Banner description ___ ___
Ballast assembly - description ___ ___
Eallast. ___
Total Equipment Weight. ___
Gross Load ___
- p. 636 …Gross Load . . . ___
Assumed Gross Lift (Gross Load + 10%) G ___
G 2/3 ___
Free Lift - F = $ (\frac…
- p. 649 …theoretical altitude determined by the displacement and gross load.
## 7. Control systems
Two systems of control…
- p. 681 …By adjusting the gross load to be supported by the gas to equal the total lift…
- p. 691 …A chart showing the relation between altitude, gross lift, and balloon size has been found necessary…
- p. 775 …The gross load reported should be accurate to the nearest 200 grams. The amount of lifting…
- p. 777 500 gm DRAG CHUTES
300 " BANNER
2000 " PAYLOAD
4500 " BALLOON
7300 " GROSS LOAD
## NOTE:
Use low…
- p. 779 …bubble length and resultant inflated volume, using gross lift as an expression of volume. It will…
- p. 781 …in Appendix II summarizes the relationship between gross load and floating level for balloons of several…
- p. 817 …A can of sand is made to weigh the same amount as the required gross lift…
- p. 825 …the balloon with the equipment load attached.
Gross Lift: Lift of all of the gas in…
- p. 830 …Serial No. ___
description ___
Drag chute ___ ___
Banner description ___ ___
Ballast assembly - description ___ ___
Ballast ___
Total Equipment Weight . ___
Gross Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ___
- p. 831 …waiting___ grams
Actual balloon lift . . . . . . . . . . . ___ "
AActual gross lift (Balloon lift & balloon wt.) . . . . . ___ "
Number Helium tanks required…
- p. 835 …Gross Lift vs. Bubble Length . . . . . . . 107
Graph 3: Buoyancy vs. Altitude . . . . . . . . . . 108
Graph 4: Gross Load…
- p. 847 …Estimated Gross Load Limit kg. Altitude Range ft.
7 200 0.6 1.5 to 5…
The equation for the force due to buoyancy will then become:
$$
F _ {b} = V _ {b} \left[ \frac {P _ {a}}{R _ {a} T _ {a}} - \frac {P _ {a}}{T _ {g}} \left(\frac {x _ {p}}{R _ {p}} + \frac {x _ {a}}{R _ {a}}\right) \right]
$$
If the balloon is of the type that will carry no internal pressure $ p_{a}=p_{g} $ , and we may state that:
$$
F _ {b} = V _ {b} p _ {a} \left[ \frac {1}{R a T a} - \frac {1}{T g} \left(\frac {x _ {p}}{R p} + \frac {x _ {a}}{R a}\right) \right]
$$
Discussions of the contamination of the lifting gas are included under the section on "Diffusion and Leakage of Lifting Gas" of this report.
The force due to the weight of the system $ F_{W}=W $ The weight of the balloon system at any time is a function of the original weight of the system plus the change of weight of the system. This change in the weight of the system is caused by the loss of ballast and the weight of the system at any time ( $ \uparrow $ ):
$$
W _ {t} = W _ {0} - \sum_ {t = 0} ^ {t} \Delta W _ {b}
$$
where:
$$
W _ {0} = \text {t h e o r i g i n a l w e i g h t o f t h e s y s t e m}
$$
$ \sum_{t=0}^{r} \Delta W_{b} = $ the sum of all the losses of ballast from time at which $ W=W_{0} $ until the time $ \dagger $
The value of the term $ \sum_{t=0}^{\infty} \Delta W_{b} $ depends on the type of ballast control. With no ballast:
$$
\sum_ {\mathrm {t} = 0} ^ {+} \Delta W _ {\mathrm {b}} = 0 \quad \mathrm {a n d} \quad W _ {\dagger} = W _ {0}
$$
If a constant ballast flow is used:
$$
\sum_ {t = 0} ^ {1} \Delta W _ {b} = \frac {d W}{d t} t
$$
where:
$ \frac{dW}{dt}=rate of ballast flow $
$ \uparrow $ = elapsed time from $ \uparrow = 0 $ to $ \uparrow = \uparrow $
If a practical fixed opening type or ballast control is used:
where:
$$
\sum_ {t = 0} ^ {+} \Delta W _ {b} = f (t, h, \mu_ {b}, \rho_ {b}, A)
$$
↑ = time
h = head of ballast above opening
$ \mu_{b}= $ viscosity of ballast fluid
$ P_{b} $ density of ballast fluid
A = area of opening About this file
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