The Army Air Forces in World War II, Vol. 1 (archived PDF)

T H E D E F E N S E O F A U S T R A L I A
Group had moved into Port Moresby by 30 April and that afternoon
thirteen of the twenty-six Cobras which had come in carried out their
first mission. Under the leadership of Lt. Col. Boyd D. Wagner, they
accomplished a thorough strafing of grounded planes and fuel dumps
at Lae and Salamaua, an action which was followed by a brisk en-
gagement with enemy fighter^.'^ Six A-24’s of the 8th Bombardment
Squadron had led a movement of AAF dive bombers into Port
Moresby a month earlier on 31 March. The B-25’~of the 3d Group
had begun operations against New Guinea targets early in April, as
also had the B-26’s of the 22d Group.58
Important patrol and reconnaissance duties assumed both by
mediums and heavies cut down substantially the scale of bombing
operations, for the AAF planes had become a principal reliance for
intelligence of the enemy’s movements and intentions. All bomber
units equipped with planes shared in the effort, but special notice is
due the 8th Photographic Squadron and the 435th Bombardment
Squadron. AAF Headquarters had been prompt to recognize the need
for properly equipped photographic squadrons, and shortly after the
outbreak of war roo P-38’s had been set aside for necessary modifica-
tion. A training program had been inaugurated at Colorado Springs,
and the first unit ready for operation was assigned to Australia. Flight
“A’ of the 8th Photographic Squadron arrived there on 7 April, and
nine days later had gone into operation with its four F-4’s (P-38E’s
modified by the installation of cameras and two additional 75-gallon
tanks) under command of Capt. Karl P01ifka.~’The most conspicuous
services were provided, however, by the 43 5th, which formerly had
been the 40th Reconnaissance Squadron of the 19th Bombardment
Group. Anticipating the assignment of photographic groups to all
theaters, the AAF on 9 April directed the redesignation of all existing
reconnaissance squadrons as bombardment units, and under this pro-
vision the 40th became the 435th Bombardment Squadron.60 But it
continued to serve, with assistance from other units, for reconnais-
sance of the New Guinea, New Britain, and Solomons areas. And
when the Japanese moved out in early May for an attack by sea on
Port Moresby, AAF units contributed to the frustration of their pur-
pose perhaps chiefly through the reconnaissance they provided.
By that time, the final entry had been made in the long record of
AAF flights from Australia to the Philippines. The last successful
flight for the evacuation of personnel had been made in a B-24 piloted
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