The Army Air Forces in World War II, Vol. 1 (archived PDF)

A I R T R A N S P O R T A N D F E R R Y I N G
Air Force in the Middle East and the Tenth Air Force in India. Fighter
aircraft for the Ninth and Tenth Air Forces and for the American
Volunteer Group in China were shipped by water to the west coast
of Africa and were then ferried overland to their destinations. And,
while ferrying operations were increasing steadily, an air transport
service in support of both ferrying and combat operations was en-
larged and extended.
The ferrying service and the air transport service developed by the
AAF in World War I1 operated over the same routes, used the same
bases, and were interdependent to such a degree that control was
lodged in a single military agency. Known originally as the Air Corps
Ferrying Command, it became the Air Transport Command in June
'942.
The Air Corps Ferrying Command
The Air Corps Ferrying Command had its origins in 1941 in an
attempt to assist the British in the delivery of American-built aircraft
to England. The British had pointed the way toward development of
long-range strategic air supply services by establishing early in the
war air supply lines from North America to the United Kingdom
and from the home base to the Middle East.* In November 1940 a
Canadian civilian agency under contract with the British government
began .the ferrying of American-built bombers across the North Atlan-
tic from Newfoundland to Scotland, a distance of approximately
2,100 miles. This was the first step in the spanning of the Atlantic with
an aerial supply bridge, comparable as a development in military
supply to the first use of the railroad as a logistical instrument in the
wars of the nineteenth century. The hazardous route across the North
Atlantic constituted, however, only one segment of a long supply line
that reached from the factories of southern California to the airfields
of Britain. The bombers, purchased for cash from American manu-
facturers prior to the passage of the Lend-Lease Act, were first fer-
ried by factory-employed pilots from California to Montreal. There
they were turned over to the civilian pilots of the British Atlantic
Before the war, Germany and the U.S.S.R. had led in experimenting with the
use of military air transport in the deployment of airborne troops; and during the
early period of the war, particularly in the invasion of Norway and later of Crete,
Germany proved the tactical effectiveness of the transport airplane. But neither of
these countries had envisaged, nor were they under a real necessity to ,develop under
war conditions, the type of long-range strategic air supply services whlch the United
States and Great Britain were to employ so effectively.
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