Documents / Hearing transcript

Symposium on unidentified flying objects: hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, second session, July 29, 1968.

U.S. House of Representatives · 1968-07-29 · 256 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is the printed record of a July 29, 1968 symposium on unidentified flying objects held by the Committee on Science and Astronautics of the U.S. House of Representatives, chaired by Rep. J. Edward Roush. The committee heard statements from six scientists: J. Allen Hynek, James E. McDonald, Carl Sagan, Robert L. Hall, James A. Harder and Robert M. L. Baker. It also printed papers from Donald Menzel, Stanton Friedman, Frank Salisbury and others. Hynek argued that puzzling UFO reports from competent witnesses deserve serious scientific study.

  • p. 7 …of advanced technological ma- chinery manned by some kind of intelligence, that is, the extrater- restrial…
  • p. 9 …American Association for the Advancement of Science; Astronomy Society(secretary). Specialty: Astrophysics. Fields of Interest: Stellar…
  • p. 19 …The Air Force has no evidence that UFO's are extra-terrestrial or rep- resent advanced…
  • p. 24 18 (The biography of Dr.McDonald follows:) DR. JAMES E. MCDONAI,D Born: Duluth, Minn., May…
  • p. 29 …from some advanced technology sufficiently advanced to do what we cannot do in the sense of…
  • p. 32 …The possibility that these are extraterrestrial devices, that we are dealing with surveillance from some advanced…
  • p. 40 …THE UNCONVENTIONAL NATURE OF THE UFO PROBLEM To both laymen and scientists, the impressive progress that…
  • p. 48 …At first, they thought it was a jet, whose exhaust was somehow accounting for the advancing…
  • p. 59 …advanced civilization of extraterrestrial origin, the pattern of the observa- tions, the motivation of the surveillance…
  • p. 75 …To ignore most of the salient features of a sighting in order to advance an easy…
  • p. 94 …Now, if we want to assess the likelihood that there are intelligentcivilizations somewhere in advance of…
  • p. 95 …be far in advance of our own,and this,therefore raises the question of how likely…
  • p. 96 …that an advance civilization comes here very rarely. But I again emphasize the great uncertainty in…
  • p. 97 91 So, to conclude what I understand is the main reason why this committee has asked…
  • p. 100 …the possibility of its development by other civilizations. But if each of, say, a million advanced…
  • p. 101 …a race of advanced and benign creatures were devoted to our welfare. The interest in unidentified…
  • p. 111 …The possible value of contact for purposes of advancing our knowledge of our technology. Let's…
  • p. 112 …again the same possible great value from under- standing the phenomenon in order to advance our…
  • p. 116 …We must then concern ourselves with the possible consequences of contact with technologically advanced civilizations whose…
  • p. 117 111 the task. We must also 'be concerned with the risks of panic resulting in people…
  • p. 124 …Gravitation remains one of the enigmas of modern science, although there have been some advances in…
  • p. 125 …This will depend upon advances in many fields of science. Some of the things required will…
  • p. 130 …Gravitation remains one of the enigmas of modern science, although there have been some advances in…
  • p. 132 …Baker's professional society memberships include the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science, Phi…
  • p. 140 …There have been many debates on the technical capabilities or limits on the capabilities of advanced…
  • p. 141 135 area of forecasting the social characteristics of an advanced extrater- restrial civilization. Philosophers, social scientists…
  • p. 142 …in the environs of the earth, or to make dubious speculations either concerning "their" advanced scientific…
  • p. 143 …the gross characteristics of an advanced civilization. These studies (probablynot Government funded) should include the social…
  • p. 150 …Applications and Advanced Topics, Academic Press, New York, pp. 112-115 and pp. 376 to 392…
  • p. 153 147 00015 "Recent Advances in Astrodynamics," (with Samuel Herrick), Jet Propul- sion, 28, No. 10, 1958…
  • p. 154 …00040 "State-of-the-Art-1960 Astrodynamics,"Astronautics, 5, No. 11, 30, 1960. 00041 "Novel Orbit…
  • p. 157 …Makemson) 00071 Astrodynamics - Applications and Advanced Topics, Academic Press, New York, 1967. 00072 "Recent Advances in…
  • p. 171 …In the past five years, he has advanced from assistant bookkeeper to teller to head teller…
  • p. 174 …He has no desire to advance any further up the bank totem pole, says he never…
  • p. 189 …advanced radar systems air being de- vekii2ed for our missile defense systems, such as the ALTAR…
  • p. 190 …of the Earth or to make very dubious speculations 191, t101 either concerning "their" advanced scientific…
  • p. 203 …The primary attribute of an advanced intelligent civilization is its ability to create its own environment…
  • p. 204 …Menzel became acting Director of Harvard College Observatory and, in 1954, was advanced to the Directorship…
  • p. 207 …approach it or advances as you move away. As we look over the Air Force files…
  • p. 210 …Or at least that is the com- mon argument advanced by UFO buffs. Radar is cursed…
  • p. 212 …Life Member of American Association for the Advancement of Science. Professional Organizational Activities: State delegate to…
  • p. 217 …our level of advancement? As noted in the Special Report of the USAF Scientific Advisory Board…
  • p. 219 …Friedman has a relatively unique background in advanced technology, hav- ing been actively involved in the…
  • p. 222 …the existence of advanced civilizations. We frequently forget that the resolution of present photographs of the…
  • p. 223 …36, 37) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science is planning a UFO seminar…
  • p. 224 …reason, would not examine the data relevant to UFOs or advanced technology. Marcowitz was totally wrong…
  • p. 225 …reason, would not examine the data relevant to UFOs or advanced technology. Marcowitz was totally wrong…
  • p. 226 …B., "The Phenomenological Aspects of Magnetogasdynamic Re-entry." Presented at the 10th Midwestern Mechanics Conference, Colorado…
  • p. 227 …not alone in the Universe and surely some civilizations are more advanced than ours, but interstellar…
  • p. 233 …possible sites in advance, we could simply move in to recover the desired information after an…
  • p. 234 …The effectiveness of the proposed procedure would depend very heavily upon the amount of thought, care…
  • p. 237 …listed in advance on a 'standardized rating sheet. However this part of the experiment will not…
87
a
kind of
grid,
a
kind of
crisscross
pattern,
a
rectangular
area.
This
is
a photograph
taken near
Cochran,
Ontario,
in
Canada.
What
we
are
looking
at
are
swaths
cut
by
loggers
through
the
forest.
They
cut
many
swaths
in
parallel,
then
another
parallel
sequence
of swaths
atright
angles.
Then
the
snow
fell,
heightening
contrast,
so that
is
thereason
for the
tic-tac-toe
pattern.
The
sequence
of
straight
lines
there
is
anomalous.
You
would
not
expect
it
by
geological
processes.
If you
found
that
on
another
planet
you would
begin to expect
there
is life
there.
This
is
a
photograph
at
about
a
tenth
of
a
mile
resolution,
and
is
far
better
than
the
best
photographs
we
have of
Mars.
The
photo-
graphs
we
have
of
Mars
are,
of
course,
better
than
of
any
other
planet.
Therefore,
to
exclude
intelligent
life
on
another
planet
photographi-
cally
is
certainly
premature.
We
could
not
exclude
life
on
earth
with
this
same
sort
of
resolution.
However,
there
are other reasons
why
intelligent
life
on
the
otherplanets
of
this
solar
system
are
moderately
unlikely.
To
continue
this
sequence
of photographs
I
should
say
there
are
only
about
one
in
a
thousand photographs where
this resolution
of
the
earth gives
any
sign
of
life.
The
next photograph,however,
shows a
resolution
about
three
times
i
better.
That
is
a
Gemini
capsule
n
the
lower
left-hand
corner
and
we
are
looking at the
vicinity
of
the Imperial
Valley
in
California.
You
are
just
on
the verge
of
resolving
the contour
patterns
of
fields,
for
agricultural
purposes.
The
next
slide
shows
us
an
area
between
Sacramento
and
San
Fran-
cisco,
which has
a
very
clear
geometric
pattern.
It
is
quite
obvious that
this
is
the
result
of
some
intelligent activity
on
the
earth.
You
can
see
an
airport,
a
railway, the
monotonous
pattern
of
hous-
ing
developments
in
the
upper
right.
You
can
see
the
patterns
of
con-
tour
fields.
And
this
is
such
a
highly geometrized
picture,
that
it
is
clearly
the
result
of
some
intelligence.
However,
a
photograph
taken of
this
same
area,
only
let's
say
100,000
years
ago,
when
there
certainly
was
lots
of
life
on
earth,
would
shownone of
these
features,
because
these
are
all
the
signs
of our
presenttechnical
civilization.
So
even
though
the
earth
was
full
of
life,
and
human
bein
g
s werevery
much
in evidence 100,000 years
ago,
none of
this
would
be
i detect-
able
by
such photography.
To
detect
individual
organisms
on
earth,
we
have
to
have a photographic
resolution
about
10
times
better
than
this,
then
we
occasionally see
things
like
these
in the next
slide.
All
those
little
dots casting
shadows
are
cows
in
a
field
in
California.
There
are other
ways
of
detecting
intelligent
life
on
the
earth.
From
the vantage
point
of Mars,
detecting,
say,the
lights
of
cities
at night,
is
extremely marginal,
and
in fact the only
way
of doing
it
would beto point
a
small radio
telescope
at the
earth,
and
then as the
North
American
Continent turned
toward Mars,
there
would be
this blast
of
radio emission
from
domestic
television
transmission that pro-
longed
scrutiny
would
indicate
some
sign
of
intelligent
life
on
theearth.
In
fact,
it is
radio communications which
is
the only reasonable
method of communications over very large
distances.
It
is
a remark-able fact that the largest radio telescope
on
the earth at the present
time, the Arecibo dish in Puerto Rico,
is
capable of communicating

Cases discussed

About this file

Hearing transcript, from the govinfo collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 256 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.