Symposium on unidentified flying objects: hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, second session, July 29, 1968.

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31. Keyhoe, D. E., 1950: Flight 117 and the Flying Saucer, True Magazine,
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32. Salt Lake Tribune, Tuesday, October 3,1961, p. 1.
33. UFO Investigator, Vol. 3, No. 11, Jan.-Feb. 1967.
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Our next participant is Dr.Carl Sagan.
Dr. Sagan is associate professor of astronomy in the Department
of Astronomy and Center for Radiophysics and Space Research in
Cornell University, having just recently left Harvard University. He
has written over 100 scientific papers, and several articles for Encyclo-
pedia Britannica, Americana. He is coauthor of several books. Dr.
Sagan, we are delighted you are participating with us in this sympo-
sium this morning and you may proceed.
(The biography of Dr. Sagan follows:)
DR. CARL SAGAN
Dr. Carl Sagan is Associate Professor of Astronomy in the Center for Radio-
physics and Space Research at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. He received
his A.B. and B.S., an M.S. in Physics and his Ph.D. in Astronomy and Astro-
physics, all from the University of Chicago. Since then he has held positions
at the University of California, Berkeley; at Stanford University Medical
School(as Assistant Professor of Genetics) ; and at Harvard University and the
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Dr. Sagan's major research interests
are on the physics and chemistry of planetary atmospheres and surfaces, the
origin of life on earth, and exobiology. He has played a leading role in establish-
ing, for example, that the surface of Venus is very hot and that major eleva-
tion differences exist on Mars, and has been a principal exponent of the view that
organic molecules are to be found on Jupiter. Dr. Sagan has served on many
advisory groups to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and to
the National Academy of Sciences, as well as such international organizations
as COSPAR and the International Astronomical Union. He was a member of
the Committee to review Project Blue Book for the Air Force Scientific Ad-
visory Board. A winner of the Smith Prize at Harvard in 1964 and Condon
Lecturer in the State of Oregon in 1968, Dr. Sagan is shortly to assume additional
duties as Editor of the planetary sciences journal, ICARUS. He has been active
in educational innovations, regularly teaches in the South, and is a lecturer