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Symposium on unidentified flying objects: hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, second session, July 29, 1968.

U.S. House of Representatives · 1968-07-29 · 256 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is the printed record of a July 29, 1968 symposium on unidentified flying objects held by the Committee on Science and Astronautics of the U.S. House of Representatives, chaired by Rep. J. Edward Roush. The committee heard statements from six scientists: J. Allen Hynek, James E. McDonald, Carl Sagan, Robert L. Hall, James A. Harder and Robert M. L. Baker. It also printed papers from Donald Menzel, Stanton Friedman, Frank Salisbury and others. Hynek argued that puzzling UFO reports from competent witnesses deserve serious scientific study.

  • p. 12 …in a peasant society whose eyes were never turned toward the skies. Can we afford not…
  • p. 13 …for a proper and definitive study will never develop. I recall an encounter I had sometime…
  • p. 16 …A very character- istic statement by those making the reports is: "I have never seen anything…
  • p. 18 …They also usually request anonymity which is always granted. (4) UFO's are never seen at…
  • p. 19 …Other misconceptions are that UFO's are never reported by scien- tifically trained people, are never…
  • p. 20 …it has never been considered worthwhile to improve the data -gathering process because the whole subject…
  • p. 27 …he is looking at something he has never seen before. I like Dr. Hynek's phrase…
  • p. 37 …at the Ontario Hydro Commission plant has never been identified, but initially thetentative suspicion was centered…
  • p. 39 …cover- ing innumerable intriguing cases I had never before heard of, and (above all) after the…
  • p. 43 …diminish in sig- nificance, though they can never be overlooked. A frequent objection to serious consideration…
  • p. 45 …out- of-the-way rural areas but never over large cities? Why don't large groups…
  • p. 48 …Smith emphasized that they were never certain of sizes and distances, but that they had the…
  • p. 53 …is deceased), I believe that there has never been any dispute as to the observed facts…
  • p. 59 …Many other sources could be cited to show that the intimation that UFOs are never seen…
  • p. 65 …After the 'official "explanation" was publicized, he decided he'd never report another one. I predict…
  • p. 68 …In the ensuing two decades, he has never again seen anything like it. Clearly, the probability…
  • p. 69 …Moore never got a sufficiently clear view to identify any finer details if any were present…
  • p. 75 …the past twenty years, cases that ought never have been so labelled, had the evaluators kept…
  • p. 76 …Ground radar stations never detected the unknown that was seen visually and contacted by airborne radar…
  • p. 77 …strong, bright pips, said that "anomalous propagation never entered our heads as an explanation." Howard S…
  • p. 78 …7) but could never close with the unknown as its continued on its north- bound course…
  • p. 80 …All three said they had never before seen anything like it. Munger decided to phone his…
  • p. 81 …The photos were shortly taken by Base military authorities and were never seen again by the…
  • p. 87 …referred to repeatedly in Menzel's writings, never with any quantitative discussion of precisely what he…
  • p. 100 …visual observations of classical UFO's have never been made by profes- sional astronomers. For example…
  • p. 101 …how the promised political or social intervention never materializes. Psychological Factors. The psychologist Carl Jung pointed…
  • p. 125 …Oh, heavens, I never suggested that, I hope. Mr. BOONE. Well, let me say, science fiction…
  • p. 159 …He has not ever been exposed to any toxic substances, has never had to take any…
  • p. 168 …He said he had never had the experience of deja-vu episodes or of performing acts…
  • p. 171 …It never occurred to him to call anyone else's attention to the light (probably because…
  • p. 172 …He had never seen anything like it before and in fact had never previously had the…
  • p. 173 …He has taken only two sick days in the entire five years and is never late…
  • p. 174 …He never has fantasied actively taking his own life, however, and feels it would be very…
  • p. 175 …He never was one to participate in extracurricular activities, but always maintained a part-time job…
  • p. 176 …Prior to seeing that light, he apparently never experienced a deja vu, or any illusory or…
  • p. 194 …If the observer being studied is truly sociopathic and has never de- veloped a super -ego…
  • p. 203 197 This data, which most people have never seen or even heard of, is published in…
  • p. 206 …They never have had enough sCientists in the project. They have failed to follow up certain…
  • p. 221 …Isn't it true that UFOs have never been sighted on radar? No, it is not…
  • p. 243 …make such an all- inclusive negative statement. Never- theless, many of the arguments are highly compelling…
  • p. 244 …A balloon reported as a UFO was never out of sight of its launchers. A perplexing…
  • p. 247 …al- though he apologizes because he has never had the time to make a thorough search…
  • p. 249 …two leads appeared, but other witnesses could never be located), but his ap- parent sincerity was…
184
frequent. As Singer noted [201, "The specific properties of
ball lightning, which present particular difficulty in experi-
mental duplication, are formations of the sphere in air (at
near-atmospheric pressure and at a distance from the source
of energy) and its extensive motion. It is evident that ad-
ditional clarification of both theoretical and experimental
aspects of this phenomenon is needed." Often marsh gas
exhibits bizarre observational data and a location near a
marsh might be useful in the examination of such phenomena.
Clearly, an overall reconcilement of these diverse and inter-
disciplinary requirements must be accomplished during the
site (or, perhaps, sites) selection process.
In summary, then, four points are to be made:
1) That we have not now nor have we been able in the
past to achieve a complete or even partially complete
surveillance of space in the vicinity of the Earth, which
would betray the presence of any anomalistic phenomena.
2) That so-called hard data on anomalistic observational
phenomena do, in fact, exist; but that they are of poor
quality due to the equipment employed in obtaining them.
3) That it follows from the scientific method that an
experiment or experiments be devised to define better the
anomalistic data.
4) That, in order to justify such an experiment or ex-
periments, it is not necessary to presuppose the existence
of intelligent extraterrestrial life operating in the environs
of the Earth or to make very dubious speculations 191, t101
either concerning "their" advanced scientific and engineer-
ing capabilities or "their" psychological motivations and
behavioral patterns.
ROBERT M. L. BAKER, JR.
The Senior Scientist of System Sciences Corporation, a
subdivision of Computer Sciences Corporation,
650 N. Sepulveda Boulevard,
El Segundo, California, 90245 and the
Department of Engineering, UCLA
November 21,1967
References
[1] BAKER, ROBERT M. L., JR., Astrodynamics—Applications
and Advanced Topics (Academic Press, New York, 1967),
pp. 4 to 10 and 91 to 95.
121 CHEETAM, R. P., J. Astronaut. Sc., XIV, No. 5, (1967).
[3] MOHR, F. B., Science, 151, pp. 634-636, (1966).
[4] FEssEmcov, V. G., Physics and Astrononty of the Moon
(Academic Press, New York, 1962), page 108.
[5] LAMAR, D. L., AND BAKER, ROBERT M. L., JR., "Possible
Residual Effects of Tunguska-type Explosions on Desert
Pavements." Presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of
the Meteoritical Society in Odessa, Texas, October 21-
24, 1965.
161 BAKER, ROBERT M. L., JR., Science, 128, 1211 (1958).
[7] BAKER, ROBERT M. L., JR., "Observational Evidence of
Anomalistic Phenomena," J. Astronaut. Sci., XV, N.1,
January-February, 1968.
[8] BAKER, ROBERT M. L., JR. AND MAKEMSON, M. W., n
Introduction to A strodynamics, Second Edition,(Academ-
ic Press, New York, 1967), pp. 325-333.
[9] MARKOWITZ, WILLIAM, Science, 157, pp. 1274-1279 (1967).
1101 Ross, R. J„ POWERS, W. T., VALLEE, J. F., Gums,
T. R.P.,STEFFEY,P. C., GARCIA, R. A., AND COHEN,G.,
Science, Vol. 158, No. 3806, pp. 1265-12(15 (19(17).
1111 NATHAN, ROBERT, "Digital Video-Data Handling," JPL
Technical Report No. 32-877, 1966.
[12] HARTMANN, W. K., Nininger Meteorite Award Paper,
Publication No. 3, by the Center for Meteorite Studies,
Arizona State University, May, 1966.
[13] SHOEMAKER, E. N. AND LOWERY, C. J., "Airwaves asso-
ciated with large fireballs mid the frequency distribution
of energy at large meteoroids." Presented at the 29th
Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society in Wash-
ington D. C., November 3-5, 1966.
[14] McCsosxv, It. E., "Orbits of Photographic Meteors,"
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Special Report
No. 252, October, 1967, page iv.
[15] HARTMANN, W. K., (letter dated September 23, 1967).
[16] NEAL, J. T., Office of Aerospace Research Report, AF
CRL-65-266, April, 1965.
[17] LAMAR, D., (in conversation on October 6, 1967).
[18] WALKER, DR. SYNDEY, III (in conversation on October
15, 1967) and Psychiatric Signs and Symptoms due to
Medical Problems (Charles C Thomas Publisher,Spring-
field, Illinois, 1967).
[19] JUNG, C. G., Flying Saucers, translated by R. F. C. Hull
(Routledge and Kegan Paul, Long, 1959), page x.
[20] SINGER, S., in Problems of A tntospheric and Space
Electricity,edited by S. C. Coroniti (Elsevier Publishing
Company, New York, 1963), page 463.

Cases discussed

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Hearing transcript, from the govinfo collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 256 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.