Symposium on unidentified flying objects: hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, second session, July 29, 1968.

157
III.
Neuro-ophthalmologic Evaluation
A.
"Eye" History
Subject denies
previous
history
of
transient blindness,
blurred
vision, double vision, spots or
shadows before
his
eyes
or
protracted pain
inhis eyes.
His last
eye
evaluation
was
20
years ago. This
was
during
high
school and
was
prompted
by
headaches
when reading. Reading glasses
were pre-
scribed
at
that time
and
he
wore
them for
approximately eight
months and
thendiscarded
them.
He denies any
eye problems since
that time. He
states
that
both
his
parents
wore glasses
only for
reading
and that none
of
his siblings
wear
glasses. He states also
that his father
developed glaucoma
at
age
55
and
was
required
to
use eye drops
to
keep
it
under control.
There
is
no
history
of
trauma
or
infection
in the
past
five
years.
On
questioning,
the
patient acknowledges
a
mildly
irritating tearing which he has
noticed
for six to
eight weeks,
associated
with
a
slight mistiness
of
his
vision.
He
also has
been wearing sunglasses on bright
days for the
same
period
because
the
sunlight hurts
his
eyes.
B.
Qualitative Ophthalmologic Examination
Subject
is
right eye dominant.
There
is
no
evidence
of
structural
abnormality, trauma,
or
ptosis
(see
photo
in
Section
III
C
1).
The palpebral
fissure
is of
normal shape and size.
The
cornea
is
clear bilaterally but theconjunctivae show
a
moderate
degree of injection, without discoloration.
Thesclerae
are also
clear without abnormal vessels
or
pigmentation.
The iris
is
bilaterally brown.
The
pupils
are
symmetrically round, equal,
and
both
4
mm.
in
diameter.
They
reacted
to light
sluggishly and responded
to
accommodation
directly and consensually
(see
Fig. #1). The
extra-ocular muscles function
normally. There
is no
image separation upon red glass testing. There
was no
nystagmus either horizontally
or
vertically.
Funduscopic examination reveals
a
poor
red
reflex bilaterally.
There are
no
apparent floaters or
other opacities in
the
vitreous.
The
disc
shows sharp margins bilaterally but
the normal
physiologic cupping
is
absent.
There
is
a
pale quality
to
the nerve head. Both retinae show
a
confluent
mottling which completely obscures
the
macula. There
are no
hemorrhages
or
exudates.
The
arteriovenous ratio
is
approximately 5
to
1.
Gross confrontation shows no apparent field cuts and
no
extinction
to bimanual visual stimuli.
C.
Quantitative Neuro-ophthalmologic Investigation
1.
Photographs of
exterior eyes (gross):
(Taken with
a
Zeiss
1.5 F. lens from 15
cm. using strobescopic lighting). The
conjunctival injection
is
visible;
the
absence
of
pigmentation,
the
state of
the pupils, and the axis of the eyes are
clearly visible.