Documents / Hearing transcript

Symposium on unidentified flying objects: hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, second session, July 29, 1968.

U.S. House of Representatives · 1968-07-29 · 256 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is the printed record of a July 29, 1968 symposium on unidentified flying objects held by the Committee on Science and Astronautics of the U.S. House of Representatives, chaired by Rep. J. Edward Roush. The committee heard statements from six scientists: J. Allen Hynek, James E. McDonald, Carl Sagan, Robert L. Hall, James A. Harder and Robert M. L. Baker. It also printed papers from Donald Menzel, Stanton Friedman, Frank Salisbury and others. Hynek argued that puzzling UFO reports from competent witnesses deserve serious scientific study.

  • p. 7 …of advanced technological ma- chinery manned by some kind of intelligence, that is, the extrater- restrial…
  • p. 9 …American Association for the Advancement of Science; Astronomy Society(secretary). Specialty: Astrophysics. Fields of Interest: Stellar…
  • p. 19 …The Air Force has no evidence that UFO's are extra-terrestrial or rep- resent advanced…
  • p. 24 18 (The biography of Dr.McDonald follows:) DR. JAMES E. MCDONAI,D Born: Duluth, Minn., May…
  • p. 29 …from some advanced technology sufficiently advanced to do what we cannot do in the sense of…
  • p. 32 …The possibility that these are extraterrestrial devices, that we are dealing with surveillance from some advanced…
  • p. 40 …THE UNCONVENTIONAL NATURE OF THE UFO PROBLEM To both laymen and scientists, the impressive progress that…
  • p. 48 …At first, they thought it was a jet, whose exhaust was somehow accounting for the advancing…
  • p. 59 …advanced civilization of extraterrestrial origin, the pattern of the observa- tions, the motivation of the surveillance…
  • p. 75 …To ignore most of the salient features of a sighting in order to advance an easy…
  • p. 94 …Now, if we want to assess the likelihood that there are intelligentcivilizations somewhere in advance of…
  • p. 95 …be far in advance of our own,and this,therefore raises the question of how likely…
  • p. 96 …that an advance civilization comes here very rarely. But I again emphasize the great uncertainty in…
  • p. 97 91 So, to conclude what I understand is the main reason why this committee has asked…
  • p. 100 …the possibility of its development by other civilizations. But if each of, say, a million advanced…
  • p. 101 …a race of advanced and benign creatures were devoted to our welfare. The interest in unidentified…
  • p. 111 …The possible value of contact for purposes of advancing our knowledge of our technology. Let's…
  • p. 112 …again the same possible great value from under- standing the phenomenon in order to advance our…
  • p. 116 …We must then concern ourselves with the possible consequences of contact with technologically advanced civilizations whose…
  • p. 117 111 the task. We must also 'be concerned with the risks of panic resulting in people…
  • p. 124 …Gravitation remains one of the enigmas of modern science, although there have been some advances in…
  • p. 125 …This will depend upon advances in many fields of science. Some of the things required will…
  • p. 130 …Gravitation remains one of the enigmas of modern science, although there have been some advances in…
  • p. 132 …Baker's professional society memberships include the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science, Phi…
  • p. 140 …There have been many debates on the technical capabilities or limits on the capabilities of advanced…
  • p. 141 135 area of forecasting the social characteristics of an advanced extrater- restrial civilization. Philosophers, social scientists…
  • p. 142 …in the environs of the earth, or to make dubious speculations either concerning "their" advanced scientific…
  • p. 143 …the gross characteristics of an advanced civilization. These studies (probablynot Government funded) should include the social…
  • p. 150 …Applications and Advanced Topics, Academic Press, New York, pp. 112-115 and pp. 376 to 392…
  • p. 153 147 00015 "Recent Advances in Astrodynamics," (with Samuel Herrick), Jet Propul- sion, 28, No. 10, 1958…
  • p. 154 …00040 "State-of-the-Art-1960 Astrodynamics,"Astronautics, 5, No. 11, 30, 1960. 00041 "Novel Orbit…
  • p. 157 …Makemson) 00071 Astrodynamics - Applications and Advanced Topics, Academic Press, New York, 1967. 00072 "Recent Advances in…
  • p. 171 …In the past five years, he has advanced from assistant bookkeeper to teller to head teller…
  • p. 174 …He has no desire to advance any further up the bank totem pole, says he never…
  • p. 189 …advanced radar systems air being de- vekii2ed for our missile defense systems, such as the ALTAR…
  • p. 190 …of the Earth or to make very dubious speculations 191, t101 either concerning "their" advanced scientific…
  • p. 203 …The primary attribute of an advanced intelligent civilization is its ability to create its own environment…
  • p. 204 …Menzel became acting Director of Harvard College Observatory and, in 1954, was advanced to the Directorship…
  • p. 207 …approach it or advances as you move away. As we look over the Air Force files…
  • p. 210 …Or at least that is the com- mon argument advanced by UFO buffs. Radar is cursed…
  • p. 212 …Life Member of American Association for the Advancement of Science. Professional Organizational Activities: State delegate to…
  • p. 217 …our level of advancement? As noted in the Special Report of the USAF Scientific Advisory Board…
  • p. 219 …Friedman has a relatively unique background in advanced technology, hav- ing been actively involved in the…
  • p. 222 …the existence of advanced civilizations. We frequently forget that the resolution of present photographs of the…
  • p. 223 …36, 37) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science is planning a UFO seminar…
  • p. 224 …reason, would not examine the data relevant to UFOs or advanced technology. Marcowitz was totally wrong…
  • p. 225 …reason, would not examine the data relevant to UFOs or advanced technology. Marcowitz was totally wrong…
  • p. 226 …B., "The Phenomenological Aspects of Magnetogasdynamic Re-entry." Presented at the 10th Midwestern Mechanics Conference, Colorado…
  • p. 227 …not alone in the Universe and surely some civilizations are more advanced than ours, but interstellar…
  • p. 233 …possible sites in advance, we could simply move in to recover the desired information after an…
  • p. 234 …The effectiveness of the proposed procedure would depend very heavily upon the amount of thought, care…
  • p. 237 …listed in advance on a 'standardized rating sheet. However this part of the experiment will not…
120
1957.
The
story
of
its
discovery
is
contained
in
chaper
9
of
the
Great
Flying
Saucer
Hoax,
written
by Dr.
Olavo
T.
Fontes.
Briefly,
several
small
metallic
fragments were
recovered
by
some
fishermen
near
the
coastal
town
of
Ubatuba,
Sao
Paulo,
after
they
saw what
they
described
as
a
brillant
explosion
of
a
flying
disc.
Some
of
the
fiery
fragments were
extinguished
in the
water near
the
shore,
where
they
were
recovered.
Fontes
acquired
three
of
the
fragments
that
weighed
less
than
a
tenth
of
an
ounce
each,
and had
one of
them
analyzed
at
the
MineralProduction
Laboratory
in
the
Brazilian
Agriculture
Ministry.
The
re-
sults
of
the
first
analysis
was
that
the
substance
was
magnesium
of
an
unusually
high
degree
of
purity,
and
that
there
was
an
absence
of
any
other
metallic
element.
On
the
basis
of
the
first
examination
a
second
spectrographic
test
was
conducted,using the
utmost
care
and
the
most
modern
instruments.
The
second
report
was
again
marked
by
references
to the
"extreme
purity"
of
the
sample.
Even
impurities that are
sometimes
detected
due
to
contamination
from
the
carbon
rod
used as
an
electrode
were
absent.
A
further
test,
using
X-ray
diffraction,
failed
to
turn
up
any
other
metallic
component.
One
of
the
pieces
was
flown
to
California
and
was
analyzed.
I
have
the
report
here.
They
used neutron
activation
analysis
and
discovered
a
total
of one
-tenth
of
1
percent
of
other
metallic
elements
than
magnesium, 500
parts
per
million zinc,
that included
zinc,
which
is
interesting,
and
small
amounts
of
barium
and
strontium.Certainly
this
metal
is
of
extraordinary
purity,
certainly
far
beyond
the
capacity
of
fishermen at
Ubatuba
to
produce.
What
could
be the
use
of
such high
-purity
magnesium
in
the con-
text
of
a
spacecraft?
One
clue
lies
in
its
crystalline
structure.
It
is
close
packed hexagonal
structure,
and
is
in
this
regard
similar
to the
high
-strength
metals beryllium
and
titanium.
Hexagonal
crystals
havebut
one
slip
plane,
and
this
tends
to
make
them
brittle
but
strong.
One
of
the reasons
for
slip
along
crystal
planes
is
that
local
im-
perfections
in
the
crystal,
or
foreign
atoms,
create lines
of
stress
con-
centration
that
move
rapidly
through
the
crystal,
producingdeformation.
If
these imperfections,
or
dislocations,
could
be
eliminated,
the
theo-
retical
strength
of
the
crystal
lattice itself
might
be approached.
This
strength
is
on
the order of
millions
of
pounds
per square inch for
any
materials.
Carefully prepared
I/
4
-inch
diameter
glass
rods, etchedto
remove
microscopic surface cracks
and
then
laquered,
have
withstood
stress
of
250,000 psi
for
1
hour.
Fused
silica
fibers
have
been
stressed
to
2
million
psi.
Thus,
foreign
atoms
within
a
crystal
lattice
are focal points for
dis-
locations—points of
stress
concentration
where
the
crystal
lattice itself
tears
and
slips.
We
can imagine
that
a high
-purity crystal, free
ofsurface
and
internal imperfections,
would
achieve fantastic strengths.
Indeed, with the advent of iron whiskers,
and boron
fiber
reinforced
composites
we
are already approaching
some
of
these strengths,
butonly for extremely small diameter
fibers.
Should, by any good
fortune, further samples of
UFO
material be
found, there
may
be further clues that would spur on
research into
high-strength materials,
and perhaps give us hints of
how
to achieve

Cases discussed

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Hearing transcript, from the govinfo collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 256 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.