Documents / Hearing transcript

Symposium on unidentified flying objects: hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, second session, July 29, 1968.

U.S. House of Representatives · 1968-07-29 · 256 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is the printed record of a July 29, 1968 symposium on unidentified flying objects held by the Committee on Science and Astronautics of the U.S. House of Representatives, chaired by Rep. J. Edward Roush. The committee heard statements from six scientists: J. Allen Hynek, James E. McDonald, Carl Sagan, Robert L. Hall, James A. Harder and Robert M. L. Baker. It also printed papers from Donald Menzel, Stanton Friedman, Frank Salisbury and others. Hynek argued that puzzling UFO reports from competent witnesses deserve serious scientific study.

  • p. 7 …of advanced technological ma- chinery manned by some kind of intelligence, that is, the extrater- restrial…
  • p. 9 …American Association for the Advancement of Science; Astronomy Society(secretary). Specialty: Astrophysics. Fields of Interest: Stellar…
  • p. 19 …The Air Force has no evidence that UFO's are extra-terrestrial or rep- resent advanced…
  • p. 24 18 (The biography of Dr.McDonald follows:) DR. JAMES E. MCDONAI,D Born: Duluth, Minn., May…
  • p. 29 …from some advanced technology sufficiently advanced to do what we cannot do in the sense of…
  • p. 32 …The possibility that these are extraterrestrial devices, that we are dealing with surveillance from some advanced…
  • p. 40 …THE UNCONVENTIONAL NATURE OF THE UFO PROBLEM To both laymen and scientists, the impressive progress that…
  • p. 48 …At first, they thought it was a jet, whose exhaust was somehow accounting for the advancing…
  • p. 59 …advanced civilization of extraterrestrial origin, the pattern of the observa- tions, the motivation of the surveillance…
  • p. 75 …To ignore most of the salient features of a sighting in order to advance an easy…
  • p. 94 …Now, if we want to assess the likelihood that there are intelligentcivilizations somewhere in advance of…
  • p. 95 …be far in advance of our own,and this,therefore raises the question of how likely…
  • p. 96 …that an advance civilization comes here very rarely. But I again emphasize the great uncertainty in…
  • p. 97 91 So, to conclude what I understand is the main reason why this committee has asked…
  • p. 100 …the possibility of its development by other civilizations. But if each of, say, a million advanced…
  • p. 101 …a race of advanced and benign creatures were devoted to our welfare. The interest in unidentified…
  • p. 111 …The possible value of contact for purposes of advancing our knowledge of our technology. Let's…
  • p. 112 …again the same possible great value from under- standing the phenomenon in order to advance our…
  • p. 116 …We must then concern ourselves with the possible consequences of contact with technologically advanced civilizations whose…
  • p. 117 111 the task. We must also 'be concerned with the risks of panic resulting in people…
  • p. 124 …Gravitation remains one of the enigmas of modern science, although there have been some advances in…
  • p. 125 …This will depend upon advances in many fields of science. Some of the things required will…
  • p. 130 …Gravitation remains one of the enigmas of modern science, although there have been some advances in…
  • p. 132 …Baker's professional society memberships include the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science, Phi…
  • p. 140 …There have been many debates on the technical capabilities or limits on the capabilities of advanced…
  • p. 141 135 area of forecasting the social characteristics of an advanced extrater- restrial civilization. Philosophers, social scientists…
  • p. 142 …in the environs of the earth, or to make dubious speculations either concerning "their" advanced scientific…
  • p. 143 …the gross characteristics of an advanced civilization. These studies (probablynot Government funded) should include the social…
  • p. 150 …Applications and Advanced Topics, Academic Press, New York, pp. 112-115 and pp. 376 to 392…
  • p. 153 147 00015 "Recent Advances in Astrodynamics," (with Samuel Herrick), Jet Propul- sion, 28, No. 10, 1958…
  • p. 154 …00040 "State-of-the-Art-1960 Astrodynamics,"Astronautics, 5, No. 11, 30, 1960. 00041 "Novel Orbit…
  • p. 157 …Makemson) 00071 Astrodynamics - Applications and Advanced Topics, Academic Press, New York, 1967. 00072 "Recent Advances in…
  • p. 171 …In the past five years, he has advanced from assistant bookkeeper to teller to head teller…
  • p. 174 …He has no desire to advance any further up the bank totem pole, says he never…
  • p. 189 …advanced radar systems air being de- vekii2ed for our missile defense systems, such as the ALTAR…
  • p. 190 …of the Earth or to make very dubious speculations 191, t101 either concerning "their" advanced scientific…
  • p. 203 …The primary attribute of an advanced intelligent civilization is its ability to create its own environment…
  • p. 204 …Menzel became acting Director of Harvard College Observatory and, in 1954, was advanced to the Directorship…
  • p. 207 …approach it or advances as you move away. As we look over the Air Force files…
  • p. 210 …Or at least that is the com- mon argument advanced by UFO buffs. Radar is cursed…
  • p. 212 …Life Member of American Association for the Advancement of Science. Professional Organizational Activities: State delegate to…
  • p. 217 …our level of advancement? As noted in the Special Report of the USAF Scientific Advisory Board…
  • p. 219 …Friedman has a relatively unique background in advanced technology, hav- ing been actively involved in the…
  • p. 222 …the existence of advanced civilizations. We frequently forget that the resolution of present photographs of the…
  • p. 223 …36, 37) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science is planning a UFO seminar…
  • p. 224 …reason, would not examine the data relevant to UFOs or advanced technology. Marcowitz was totally wrong…
  • p. 225 …reason, would not examine the data relevant to UFOs or advanced technology. Marcowitz was totally wrong…
  • p. 226 …B., "The Phenomenological Aspects of Magnetogasdynamic Re-entry." Presented at the 10th Midwestern Mechanics Conference, Colorado…
  • p. 227 …not alone in the Universe and surely some civilizations are more advanced than ours, but interstellar…
  • p. 233 …possible sites in advance, we could simply move in to recover the desired information after an…
  • p. 234 …The effectiveness of the proposed procedure would depend very heavily upon the amount of thought, care…
  • p. 237 …listed in advance on a 'standardized rating sheet. However this part of the experiment will not…
103
In
the
second
place,
they
have not
generally
involved
a
prolonged.
observation
of
a
phenomenon by
people
who
were calm, not
emotion-
ally
upset.
A
characteristic
example
of
hysterical
contagion
would
be
the
recent
study
by
Back
and
Kerckhoff, supported
by
the National
Science
Foundation.
The
book
reporting
on
this
study
is
called
"The
June Bug."
It
was
a
case
of
hysterical
contagion
among
the
employees
of
a
factory
in
North
Carolina.
It
is
one of
the
most
thoroughly
reported
and
studied
incidents
of
this
sort.
It
resembles the
kind of
thing
we
are
talking
about
in
almost
no
respect.
I
find
it
very
difficult
to
find
elements in
common,
other
than
the
fact
that
some
people
believed
something
that
was
difficult
to
verify.
The
employees
were
convinced that they
were
being
bitten
by
poison-
ous
insects,
resulting
in
fainting
and
other
symptoms
such
as
rashes.
All
medical
officers,
all
careful research
on
this,
was
unable
to
turn
up
any
hard
evidence that
such
an
insect
was
present,
or
that
there
wasany
standard medical
accounting
for
these
symptoms.
But
these
were
people in
close
constant
contact,
sharing
a
particular
set
of problems
and
frustrations
that
raised their
level
of
anxiety.
The
epidemic can be
interpreted
as
a
convenient
way
of
escaping
the
problem of
coping with very
difficult
circumstances.
I
have
said
that
I
think
in
isolated
cases
you can
find
a
similar
thing
in observa-tions
of
unidentified flying
objects,
but
if
we
look at the
hard-core,
well
-documented
cases,
I
see
practically
no
resemblance.
Another
important
thing to note
about
the
witnesses
in
the
best
sightings
of
UFO's
is
that very
commonly—as
has
been mentioned,
I
believe,
by Dr. McDonald—they
first
try
to explain
their
observation
in
some
very
familiar
terms.
This
is
the
well-known
and
labeled
psy-chological process
of
"assimilation."
People
first
try to
assimilate their
observation into
something
understood
and
known
and
familiar.
This
is
quite
contrary to the
kind of
argument
frequently
built
into
the hypothesis
of
hysterical
contagion,
namely,
that
character-
istically
witnesses
are eager, are motivated,
to
see
strange
objects.
Another
important thing
to
notice
about
the
witnesses
in
these cases
is
of
course
their reluctance
to
report.
We
have
had some
mention of
that.
This,for
one
thing,counters the
argument
of
publicity
seeking as
a
motive
in
some
of
the
best
cases.
It
incidently
runs
contrary to
most
experience
of
social
psycologists
engaged
in public opinion
research,
in polling,
and
contrary to the
experience
of
experienced
precinct
workers
in
politics.
Those
people
who
have not
tried this
kind of
thing expect people
not
to
want
to talk to
them, but
when
you
start
ringing
doorbells,
the
striking
thing about the
American
people
is it
is
often
difficult
to stop
them from
telling
you
what
they
believe.
Yet
in
instances
of
unidentified flying objects,
there
has
often
been a
marked
reluctance to talk
about them.
I
can
illustrate
this
anecdotally
simply
to
make
my
point.
When I
was on
the faculty at the University
of Minnesota,
a
student
came
to
me,
having heard that
I
had some
interest
in
this question.
He
in-
formed
me
that his father,
a
colonel,
an
artillery
colonel in
Korea—
this
was
at the time of the
Korean
conflict—had flown over
a
hill
in
Korea
in his observer plane,
and found
(right next to
him
virtually)
a
characteristic unidentified flying object with the usual kind of con-
figuration.
It had promptly
retreated
upwards. It had
frightened

Cases discussed

About this file

Hearing transcript, from the govinfo collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 256 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.