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CIA-UAP-003, The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance; The U-2 and OXCART Programs, 1954-1974

Central Intelligence Agency · 1954 · 406 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is a Secret History Staff monograph by Gregory W. Pedlow and Donald E. Welzenbach of the Central Intelligence Agency, published in 1992. It gives a history of the CIA's manned overhead reconnaissance program from 1954 to 1974, covering the development and operation of the U-2 and the A-12 OXCART aircraft. It covers overflights of the Soviet Union, the 1960 downing of Francis Gary Powers, and later operations. One section is titled "U-2s, UFOs, and Operation BLUE BOOK."

From the source:Release of 2026-06-12 This CIA History Staff document chronicles the complete history of the U-2 and OXCART (A-12) high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft programs from 1954 to 1974, detailing their development, operations over the Soviet Union and other targets worldwide, the famous downing of Francis Gary Powers in 1960, organizational reforms following that incident, and the eventual transfer of operations from CIA to Air Force control. A more redacted version of this document has been available on CIA's public website.

Open the PDF at page 384 Original source ↗

“Mission Control”27 pages

  • p. 9 …The struggle between the CIA and the US Air Force to control the U-2 and…
  • p. 72 …2 missions. Access to the photographs taken by the U-2 would be strictly controlled, which…
  • p. 73 …This pact gave the Air Force responsibility for pilot selection and training, weather information, mission plotting…
  • p. 81 …Before the start of a mission, the ground crew set the counters to indicate the total…
  • p. 96 …All of the products from this project would be placed in the new control sys tem…
  • p. 100 …This was an S-band radar used by Soviet forces for early warning and ground-controlled…
  • p. 113 …The President nevertheless maintained tight control over the program and authorized only 10 days of overflights…
  • p. 128 …following day, when the next U-2 mission f m the Middle East. After quickly developing…
  • p. 140 …Welzenbach (S); Mission folder 4020 ( 18 March 1957), OSA records, job 67-B-972, box 7…
  • p. 142 …where they would not interfere with the control surfaces. At the ends of these poles, completely…
  • p. 147 …To take ad vantage of these weaknesses, Detachment C staged three missions from Alaska into the…
  • p. 156 …After these missions, penetrat ion overflights became a rarity. There would be only six more during…
  • p. 167 …U-2 missions. To handle U-2 material, the British created a new control system, which…
  • p. 168 …The British missions would be operationally controlled by CIA project headquarters. Soon afterward four British pilots…
  • p. 169 …where the United Kingdom carried out 27 missions during the two years its pi lots took…
  • p. 170 157 Sec, et MOF'ORI\I Chapter 3 May 1959, and used to fly weather missions…
  • p. 180 …The excellent photography from tnis mission did not reveal a single missile site, but analysts diid…
  • p. 188 …some Soviet airborne-missile fire-control systems. Operation GRAND SLAM, mission 4154 and the 24th deep…
  • p. 191 …key project personnel assembled in the Agency control center that morning (with the exception of Bissell…
  • p. 196 …in cor respondence with Abel's "wife., (probably his Soviet control) in East Germany. In November…
  • p. 204 …in .the DDP in order to maintain control of his overhead reconnais sance projects (the U…
  • p. 220 …Strongly favoring Air Force control of the U-2 missions over Cuba. the DOD representatives called…
  • p. 237 …In reality, however, the United States would maintain strict control over the missions to be flown…
  • p. 335 …The flood of information that the U-2 missions gathered led to a major expansion of…
  • p. 340 …In 1959 Bissell became Deputy Director for Plans but kept the reconnaissance projects under his control…
  • p. 348 …System-I used S- and X-band ELINT receivers to collect ground-controlled intercept and air…
  • p. 400 387 Sec1 et NOFORN mission 2023 108 mission 2029 124 mission 3086 200 mission 3088 200…
Land. Edwin H. (Din)
18, 21, 25, 29-34, 36, 80-81, 89, 96,
100. 110, 19 1-192, 260, 262-263, 269-27 1,
292,307,330, 332-333
Land Panel
37
Langley, Virginia
43, 192, 306,
Langley AFB. Virginia
23
Laos
2 I6, 22.1. 231. 233
Las Vegas. Nevada
284
Latham, Allen. Jr.
29
Latvia
303
Laughlin AFB, Texas
198,200
Lebanon
114, 117, 152-153, 343
Ledford, Jack C.
207, 288. 297
Leghorn, Richard S.
• - • 4-8. 18, 23. 110, 330
LeMay, Curtis E.
11 -12. 14. 60
"Lemon-Drop l(jd"
124
Lend-Lease
7
Leningrad, Soviet Union
104-106. 109, 142, 298. 303
lens
I. 18. 2 1-22, 30. 49-55, 93.
I08. 250. 247. 253, 28 1-282.
321, 327
lens curvatures
52
lens designs
52, 55
LeVier. Tony
56, 68-7 1, 75
LF-lA fuel
62
Libya
121
Sec, et NOFOftN
Index
37 1
lightweight film
32
LINCOLN
18
Lindsey Air Force Base. Wiesbaden. West Gennany
80
liquid-fueled missiles
161,317
lithium deut,eride
19
Lithuania
303
Little, Arthur D., Inc.
29
Liule Quem1:ly
215
Lloyd, Selwyn
93
Lockheed A:ircraft Corporation
9, 24, 329
Lockheed D:ay Fighter
14
Lockheed m,echanics
66, 13,0, 225
London School of Economics
. 15
LONG GREEN
198
long-range bombers
20, 81. 98-99, 316
LONG SHAFT
245
Lop Nor test site
237
Los Ange les., California
186, 254
Lovelace, W. Randolph, III
62, 74
Lovelace Foundation for Medical
Education antd Research
74
low-radar-cross-section vehicle
344
low-level phmography
209
low-vapor-pressure fuel
278
Luke AFB. Arizona
74

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Official release, from the pursue collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 406 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.