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CIA-UAP-003, The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance; The U-2 and OXCART Programs, 1954-1974

Central Intelligence Agency · 1954 · 406 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is a Secret History Staff monograph by Gregory W. Pedlow and Donald E. Welzenbach of the Central Intelligence Agency, published in 1992. It gives a history of the CIA's manned overhead reconnaissance program from 1954 to 1974, covering the development and operation of the U-2 and the A-12 OXCART aircraft. It covers overflights of the Soviet Union, the 1960 downing of Francis Gary Powers, and later operations. One section is titled "U-2s, UFOs, and Operation BLUE BOOK."

From the source:Release of 2026-06-12 This CIA History Staff document chronicles the complete history of the U-2 and OXCART (A-12) high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft programs from 1954 to 1974, detailing their development, operations over the Soviet Union and other targets worldwide, the famous downing of Francis Gary Powers in 1960, organizational reforms following that incident, and the eventual transfer of operations from CIA to Air Force control. A more redacted version of this document has been available on CIA's public website.

  • p. 143 …Air Force contract to evaluate ra dars, EG&G operated a small testing facility at Indian…
  • p. 244 …Then in August 1964, following the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, the Air Force assumed responsibility for…
  • p. 381 …232 Indian Springs, Nevada 274. 130, 132 Indonesia 211-212, 214,319 Indonesian Air Force 212…
244
~eeFet NOFOAN
Chapter 5
Overflights by Project TACKLE
Fiscal Year Overflights
Total 104
1961 18
1963 17
1964 13
1965 30
1966 10
1967 14
1968 1
Peripheral Missions by Detachment H
Detachment H did not cease its activities following the termination
of overflights of mainland China. Its next U-2 mission took place on
18 May 1968. This was an electronic intelligence mission that, in ac
cordance with the new guidelines, never came closer than 20 miles to
the Chinese coast. All future Detachment H missions against the
PRC also conformed with this restriction but were still the target of
interception attempts by PRC MiG-2ls or hastily erected SAM sites
on offshore islands. The use of peripheral missions prevented any
further losses, although one aircraft crashed into the sea from un
known causes shortly after taking off to start a mission on 5 January
1969. Another pilot was killed on 24 November 1970 in a crash dur-
• . • . • . f,(,
mg a routine training m1ss10n.
The level of activity gradually increased during the remaining
years of Project TACKLE, as can be seen in the table on page 245.
The U-2s flying these missions were generally equipped with the
B or the newly designed 48-inch H cameras to obtain oblique pho
tography and with various signal-intelligence-gathering systems.
Beginning in May 1971, Project TACKLE began using a new com
munications-intelligence collection package known as LONG
SHAFT. This system was used on 32 occasions through 12 December
1973, when the LONG SHAFT collection program ended.
"" ·•oftice of Special Activities History. April 1969 to Phase-Out." (draft: hereafter cited
as "OSA History-2") (CIA: DS&T, 1974). chap. 3. pp. 36-41 (TS Codeword).
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Official release, from the pursue collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 406 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.