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Astronaut Scientific Debriefings, 1962-1963

National Aeronautics and Space Administration · 1962 · 216 pages · text from the file's own layer

This NASA file of astronaut scientific debriefing papers from 1962 collects internal Office of Space Sciences material on the science observations made on early Mercury flights. A February 1962 memo from Maurice Dubin asks for more detail on John Glenn's report of luminous particles and the atmospheric horizon layer. A draft memo concludes that the particles were tied to the spacecraft and were not extraterrestrial. The file also holds a Los Alamos letter that attributes the high haze layer to nitrogen peroxide, and notes on Carpenter's airglow observations.

From the source:Release of 2026-06-12 This file contains memoranda, correspondence, reports, and other materials relating to contemporary scientific interest in investigating the nature of luminous phenomena reported by astronauts John Glenn and Walter Schirra during spaceflight. This collection includes transcripts from NASA interviews and debriefings with both astronauts regarding those observations. It also contains details relating to scientific observations of atmospheric phenomena, including brief descriptions of luminous particles, experiences while aboard spacecraft, and circa 1955 theoretical analysis of meteoric particles entering the atmosphere. Pages 34-35, 55-56, 57-63, 64-113, and 122-127 feature content relevant to the PURSUE initiative.

In reply refer to: SGC:ML:ml
21 February 1962
MEMORANDUM
Subject: Possible Scientific Visual Information
Obtained by J. H. Glenn
1. Two (2) interesting observations were reported in the Press,
as described by Colonel Glenn during the MA-6 flight. It is of
vital interest to obtain a more detailed description of these observa
tions in order that the accuracy and the details of what was observed
may be properly recorded for scientific evaluation. The two obser
vations were:
(a) The report of the great number of luminous particles
apparently travelling with the spacecraft at Friendship-7 sunrise;
and
(b) The altitudes or angular view of the upper limb
of the atmosphere.
2. The thousands of luminous particles were described as
travelling with the spacecraft. It is important that Glenn describe
in detail precisely the observational characteristics under 'Which he
saw the particles in order to obtain an estimate of the brightness
of these particles. The questions that we would like answered are
what was the basis of Glenn's determination~ that the particles
were actua.lly travelling with the spacecraft and 'Whether this condi
tion persisted on subsequent orbits. In addition, the geometry of
the observations should be further described in order to derive the
geometric distribution of the particles relative to the spacecraft's
window. (The precise observational time and the position of sun
light luminosity can readily be determined from the orbit of the
spacecraft itself). These particles may be geocentric in origin
and may be suspended in the atmosphere. There are at least two
hypothesis for explaining particles travelling with the spacecraft.
The intensity compared to starlight should be determined also as
this information is of importance in determining further information
about the absolute number and cross-sections of the particles and may
relate to the dust content of zodiacal light as well as the gegen
schein.

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Official release, from the pursue collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 216 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.