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AAWSAP DIRD, Laser Lightcraft Nanosatellites, November 2010

U.S. Department of War · 2010-11-01 · 77 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Reference Document (DIA-08-1011-001), dated 1 November 2010, was prepared by the Defense Intelligence Agency's Defense Warning Office under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications program. It covers nanosatellite technologies, laser Lightcraft propulsion, a weapon mission selection study and a multi-megawatt laser study. The author recommends that the Department of Defense, working with NASA, bring laser Lightcraft propulsion research back to the United States and restart the Air Force X-50LR test flight program.

From the source:Release of 2026-09-18 Incident: 11/1/10, Las Vegas, Nevada. Released with redactions. This document is a Defense Intelligence Reference Document (DIRD), a technical reference format used by the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) to capture baseline knowledge on a specific topic for later analytic use. DIRDs are best understood as reference and synthesis products rather than as original research. It is one of 38 DIRDs produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications Program (AAWSAP) between 2009 and 2011. Because AAWSAP’s scope permitted a broad range of supporting topics, not every DIRD in the series directly concerns aerospace systems or future threat assessment. The following summary reflects the DIRD’s scope and framing at the time of writing and should not be read as implying current validation of the concepts discussed. This DIRD examines laser-propelled “Lightcraft” as a possible low-cost method to launch very small satellites into low Earth orbit by using a remote high-energy laser to supply most of the propulsion energy rather than relying entirely on onboard energy sources. The report combines a survey of nanosatellite trends with a review of “Lightcraft” propulsion concepts, vehicle design, beam-control requirements, and mission studies, and argues that the most promising application is the launch of nano- or pico-satellites, especially Earth- and space-observing payloads of a few kilograms or less. It presents the concept as potentially much cheaper than conventional multistage rockets for very small payloads, while also noting significant practical constraints including strict beam-riding geometry, atmospheric losses, demanding pointing and adaptive-optics requirements, and heavy dependence on large ground-, sea-, or air-based laser infrastructure. Overall, the document presents laser “Lightcraft” as a technically plausible launch concept whose attractiveness depends on whether the supporting laser and beam-control system can be made reliable and economical at operational scale.

  • p. 3 …Ground/Sea-to-Space Concept .............................................................27 Figure 15. Air-to -Space Concept . ........................................ .......... ............ ......... .28 Figure 16. Schematic…
  • p. 31 …Ground/Sea-to-Space Concept: Appropriate rotation of a high-energy laser beam, emanating from a…
  • p. 32 …more than about 10 MW for ground/sea-based lasers, and no more than about 2…
  • p. 33 …SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Ground/Sea to Space (ETO) t26l If laser propulsion can provide nearly all…
  • p. 34 …orrlCIAL USE 014Lf ground, sea and air launches of Lightcraft to LEO with air launch occurring…
  • p. 37 …favorable for Lightcraft than air-to ground/sea or air-to-air missions, which are not…
  • p. 39 …to be an attractive alternative to ground/sea-based laser Lightcraft systems. In this case, airborne…
  • p. 43 …would allow detection of most air, land, sea, and space targets, as well as many "low…
  • p. 64 …The Naval Sea Systems Command's (NAVSEA) Directed Energy and Electric Weapon Systems (DE&EWS) Program…
  • p. 67 …Lightcraft nanosat or picosat from the ground, sea, or air, it will be necessary to control…
  • p. 68 …beam train suitable for ground, airborne and sea platforms. • Primary mirror which is also a deformable…
  • p. 71 …to launch laser-propelled Lightcraft from ground/sea to LEO while apertures on aircraft-mounted laser…
  • p. 72 …The entire Lightcraft launch system is comprised of a ground, sea, or airborne laser beam generator…
  • p. 73 …Launching a laser-propelled Lightcraft nanosat/picosat from the ground, sea, or air into LEO requires…
UNCLASSIFIED/;'POR: OPPICIAL USE 014Lf
system, like the air-to-air one, has reduced capability if an enemy ca n achieve nea rly
simultaneous arriva l times for all of its ballistic missiles. If so, then a Lig htcraft BMD
system would have to serve as an adjunct to ot her BMD systems, such as the ground
based PAC-3 Patriot, THAADS, or NMD which are deployed for nat ional or theater
ballist ic missile defense. However, this system could protect regions agai nst limited
ballistic missi le attacks at the earliest phase of hostilities before ground-based BMD
systems cou ld arrive and be deployed.
Table 4. Influence of Target Velocity and Intercept Angle on Impact Energy
and Required Mass [261.
Lightcraft
Intercept
Velocity
Lightcraft
Intercept
Aspect
Impact
Energy
and
Weight
Ballistic Missile Threat
-SRBM--IRBM--ICBM-
R~l000 km R~2500km R~l0,000 km
V=l km/s V=4 km/s V=6km/s
0° from Impact E for
1.0 kg Wt. 25MJ 49MJ 81 MJ
Bead-on
Collision Wt for 10
MJofE .40kg .20 kg .12 kg
30° from Impact E for
1.0 kg Wt. 21 MJ 44MJ 74MJ
3 km/s Bead-on
Collision Wt. For 10
MJofE .47 kg .23 kg .14 kg
45° from
Bead-on
Collision
Impact E for
1.0 kg Wt. 17MJ 37MJ 66MJ
Wt. for 10
MJofE .59 kg .27kg .15 kg
UNCLASSIFIED,'fFOA QFFISIAL 1!181!! 8HLY
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Official release, from the pursue collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 77 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.