AAWSAP DIRD, Laser Lightcraft Nanosatellites, November 2010

This Defense Intelligence Reference Document (DIA-08-1011-001), dated 1 November 2010, was prepared by the Defense Intelligence Agency's Defense Warning Office under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications program. It covers nanosatellite technologies, laser Lightcraft propulsion, a weapon mission selection study and a multi-megawatt laser study. The author recommends that the Department of Defense, working with NASA, bring laser Lightcraft propulsion research back to the United States and restart the Air Force X-50LR test flight program.

From the source:Release of 2026-09-18 Incident: 11/1/10, Las Vegas, Nevada. Released with redactions. This document is a Defense Intelligence Reference Document (DIRD), a technical reference format used by the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) to capture baseline knowledge on a specific topic for later analytic use. DIRDs are best understood as reference and synthesis products rather than as original research. It is one of 38 DIRDs produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications Program (AAWSAP) between 2009 and 2011. Because AAWSAP’s scope permitted a broad range of supporting topics, not every DIRD in the series directly concerns aerospace systems or future threat assessment. The following summary reflects the DIRD’s scope and framing at the time of writing and should not be read as implying current validation of the concepts discussed. This DIRD examines laser-propelled “Lightcraft” as a possible low-cost method to launch very small satellites into low Earth orbit by using a remote high-energy laser to supply most of the propulsion energy rather than relying entirely on onboard energy sources. The report combines a survey of nanosatellite trends with a review of “Lightcraft” propulsion concepts, vehicle design, beam-control requirements, and mission studies, and argues that the most promising application is the launch of nano- or pico-satellites, especially Earth- and space-observing payloads of a few kilograms or less. It presents the concept as potentially much cheaper than conventional multistage rockets for very small payloads, while also noting significant practical constraints including strict beam-riding geometry, atmospheric losses, demanding pointing and adaptive-optics requirements, and heavy dependence on large ground-, sea-, or air-based laser infrastructure. Overall, the document presents laser “Lightcraft” as a technically plausible launch concept whose attractiveness depends on whether the supporting laser and beam-control system can be made reliable and economical at operational scale.

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Table 3. Estimated Costs for Hybrid Rocket and Lightcraft Launch Vehicles for
ETO Flight l 26l.
100 Flights
3-Stage Hybrid Rocket 1.0 kg 5.0 kg 10 kg
Launch Vehicle Payload Payload Payload
Payload($) 24,948 124,740 250,128
Boosters ($) 399,503 440,927 477,131
Integration ($) 96,163 101,441 123,941
Total($) 520,615 667,108 851,200
Lightcraft Vehicle.+ 1.0kg 5.0 kg 10 kg
Ground Based Laser Payload Payload Payload
Lightcraft ($) 24,948 124,740 250,128
Lightcraft Fuel {$) 2,495 12,474 25,013
Laser Power ($) 500 2,500 5,000
Laser Refurb. ($) 3,000 3,000 3,000
Total($) 30,943 142,714 283,141
Rocketcraft Cost
Lightcraft Cost 16.82 4.67 3.00
1982 dollars multiplied by 1.62
(2.7% annual inflation) for 2000 dollars
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