Air Materiel Command Report on Unidentified Flying Objects, 1947-1948

This U.S. Air Force Project SIGN file from 1947 and 1948 collects correspondence on unidentified flying objects. In it, Headquarters USAF asks Air Materiel Command for its conclusions, and AMC replies on 8 November 1948 after studying about 180 incidents. AMC concludes that observers saw real flying objects but that there is no proof they are aircraft, and it advises against briefing the press. The file also includes letters to the CIA, a citizen's inquiry, a request for a Rand spaceship study and an intelligence analysis of 1947 sightings.

From the source:Release of 2026-08-07 Incident: 1947-1948, N/A. This file is a collection of U.S. Government memoranda and correspondence relating to “Project Sign,” a 1948 U.S. Air Force program to investigate reports of high-performance airborne objects. The documents characterize some of these reports as being consistent with “real” objects rather than fabrications or resulting from perceptual errors. The U.S. Air Force cites the reported characteristics of the phenomena, e.g., high speed and maneuverability, as exceeding known performance envelopes of U.S. military aircraft and thereby presenting a potential national security threat, if validated. This potential threat prompted the Air Force to call on the Air Materiel Command (AMC), the Service’s Major Command for logistics and procurement from 1946 to 1961, to gather further evidence to assess the validity of the reports. The Air Force emphasized that there was an “imperative need” for such evidence to enable appropriate countermeasures. The stated urgency of this request reflects the strategic environment of the early Cold War, a period characterized by heightened national defense concerns amid rapid global advancements in aerospace design and development. In framing the call for an investigation, the Air Force noted that sustained public interest and persistent inquiries from the press may eventually require an official statement in response. AMC’s investigation found that observers were generally not mistaken when reporting that they had seen an airborne object, but that their characterizations of those objects as unusual was likely a reflection of the “limits of their personal experience.” It identified “a great many” of the objects reported with a rounded appearance as “weather or upper air scientific balloons of some type.” It also identified several cases in which the reported objects were most likely celestial phenomena, such as Venus. AMC found that a small number of reports lacked a “reasonable everyday explanation,” but that “so far, no physical evidence of the existence of the unidentified sightings has been obtained.” AMC expressly considered whether the phenomena may have been “vehicles from another planet,” but found no evidence supporting such an origin. Ultimately, AMC found that “there is as yet no conclusive proof that unidentified flying objects, other than those which are known to be balloons, are real aircraft.” In light of these findings, AMC recommended that the Department of War should avoid publicly commenting on the subject of “flying discs.” Responding to the Air Force’s anticipated concerns regarding public interest in the subject, AMC recommended that the Department should reply in terms that minimize the investigation’s inconclusive findings, focusing on positive determinations in cases assessed to be weather balloons and celestial phenomena.

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AT?r:, Chi.et, lntelllgcnco end Law Entcrce:nent Oivisic:n
l . lt 1a Air Foree policy not t.o ignor~ reports of sightings
and pheinomena. 1n tho atmosp_here, but to recogni.:4111 that part ol it.a
. m.1sai oo b to collect, collate, evaluate, and &Bt on L\!'o.,.a.t.ion
or this nature.
2 • In implementing this p0Uc7 the Air lI&teriel Cc-a:i.and has
beoo dooJ.gratad ae tho Air Force a5e00:, to eolloct, coll&t , eval
uate, and distribute to interested go'Ve~nt. agencies and con
tractors all 1ntormat.1cn concerning •iehtines and pben01AOna in the
atmosphere 11bich can b• conatrued to bo or concern to tho na.tional
secur1t7.
3. All Air rorce instillationi 'ffitt ill "ad out.aide th& Zone of
Interior and Altusko. have been 1.n:Jtruct.ed to Nport all aightinga, er
ih!or.::atlon <:mco~ •~t1ngs b!.ch eOAWs t.o thaii- t.teot.ion,
direct to the Co.manding General, Air ¥.at.eriel Caanand, right
Patterson Air Force Btuse, Oa.n,0n, Ohio, Utn& IICI.
4 . Air Matoriel Cc::can~ ha.e been authorized direct contact
with all Air Force inatallationa wbeneY•r N q'ltired to develop addi
tional intoration on th• tlJ'ir.ig disc•.
5. It will be appNciatea il' all C0&st Guar:1 installations also
Cb~ be instructed to report such occurroncea d.iractl.3' ~o Alr .J!ateriel
Comand, and 11' the7 can be intor:aed ~hat Air .tatoriol Ccar.an:i is
authorized to cClltact them direct llhen necoanry 1n oonruact.Scn with
aueh occurronoos.
6. henever p o~uibl.1, l'Cpo:-ta to Ai r Uat eriol Ccwoand should
include t he I ollooJ.~ in.formation:
a . Lccatiort ard tit! ot sight.1.1g
b . ,eaiher at, the tim
c . Ramea, oceu~t.ioru,# end ..:Wreasoa ot •itneoaea
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