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Department of the Air Force Report, 1996

U.S. Department of War · 1996-09-10 · 181 pages · text from the file's own layer

This final report, dated September 10, 1996, was prepared by the Research Triangle Institute for the Department of the Air Force's 45th and 30th Space Wing safety offices. Titled Modeling Unlikely Space-Booster Failures in Risk Calculations, it shows how rare Mode-5 failures, in which a rocket veers well off its intended flight line, are modeled in the DAMP risk-analysis program. An appendix lists Atlas, Delta, Titan and Thor launch and failure histories through August 1996.

From the source:Release of 2026-05-08 Incident: 9/10/96, N/A. This report describes the Modeling of Unlikely Space-Booster Failures in Risk Calculations, documenting historical launch failure modes and recommending corrective actions to address them using novel modelling techniques.

  • p. 88 …Vehicle loses control at or shortly after liftoff, with all flight directions equally likely. Destruct is…
  • p. 106 …121 (8) Missiles/Space Vehicle Files, 45th Space Wing, Wing Safety, Mission Flight Control and Analysis…
  • p. 111 …Such behavior did not necessarily prevent the attainment of some, or even all, mission objectives. 50…
  • p. 131 …Due to excess speed, spacecraft passed 22,000 miles in front of moon, and primary mission…
  • p. 132 …Although Atlas performance was satisfactory, the mission was apparently a failure. No other data available. 134…
  • p. 133 …A flight-control malfunction occurred at about 15 seconds at the start of the pitch program…
  • p. 137 …Vehicle became unstable when B2 pitch control was lost at 121 seconds. Loss of pitch control…
  • p. 138 …The missile then lost attitude control, executing a hard yaw rate tum throughout and beyond the…
  • p. 139 …of the rate gyro or an electrical failure in the pitch channel of the flight control…
  • p. 140 caused yaw and roll rates that the flight control system could not correct. As a result…
  • p. 151 …Attitude control lost during second stage coast period. Third stage spun up, but did not fire…
  • p. 153 …One solid-rocket motor carried to MECO, but mission was still a complete success. 102. SMS…
  • p. 169 …Missile tumbled out of control at 130 seconds, then broke up. 104. IHA (65-210), 1…
  • p. 170 …Nominal mission through transtage second burn shutdown. Attitude control system engine failed to shutdown following vernier…
  • p. 171 …However, satellite propulsion system malfunctioned putting satellite in uncontrollable position with no possibility of restoring mission…
  • p. 172 …control until propellant depletion. Trajectory inaccuracies were compensated for during Stage-2 burn, and the mission…
  • p. 180 …Missiles/Space Vehicle Files, 45th Space Wing, Wing Safety, Mission Flight Control and Analysis (SEO), 1957…
D.3 Delta Launch and Performance History
The Delta launch-vehicle family originated in 1959 with a NASA contract to Douglas
Aircraft Company, now McDonnell Douglas Corporation. The Delta, using
components form USAF's Thor IRBM program and USN's Vanguard launch-vehicle
program, was operational 18 months later. On May 13, 1960, the first Delta was
launched from Cape Canaveral with a 179-pound Echo-I passive communications
satellite. In the intervening years, the Delta has evolved to meet the ever-increasing
demands of its payloads - including weather, scientific, and communications satellites.
Each Delta modification corresponded to an increase in payload capacity. Table 42
shows a summary of Delta configurations since the beginning of the program.1101
The Delta 7925, the latest vehicle in the series, is a three-stage liquid-propellant vehicle
with nine solid-propellant strap-on booster motors. For propellants, the Delta uses RP-
1 and liquid oxygen in Stage 1, and nitrogen tetroxide and aerozine 50 in Stage 2.
Stage 3 consists of a Payload Assist Module (PAM) with a solid-propellant motor. The
strap-on boosters are Hercules graphite epoxy motors (GEMs) using HTPB-type solid
propellant. At liftoff, the liquid-propellant Stage-1 engine and six of the nine GEMs are
ignited. The remaining three GEMs are ignited some 65 seconds later.
Table 42. Summary of Delta Vehicle Configurations
Configuration Description
Delta Stg. 1: Modified Thor. MB-3 Blk I engine
Stg. 2: Vanguard AJl0-118 propulsion system
Stg. 3: Vanguard X-248 motor
A Stg. 1: Erurine replaced with MB-3 Blk II
B Stg. 2: Tanks lengthened; higher energy oxidizer used
C Stg. 3: Replaced with Scout X-258 motor
PLF: Bulbous replaced low drag
D Stg. 0: Added 3 Thor-developed SRMs (Castor I)
E Stg. 0: Castor II replaced Castor I
Stg. 1: MB-3 Blk III replaced Blk II
Stg. 2: Propellant tank diameters increased
Stg. 3: Replaced with USAF-developed FW-4 motor
PLF: Fairing enlarged to 65-inch diameter
J Stg. 3: TE-364-3 used
L,M,N Stg. 1: Tanks lengthened, RP-1 tank diameter increased
Stg. 3: Varied: FW-4 (L), TE-364-3 (M), none (N)
M-6, N-6 Stg. 0: Six Castor IIs employed
900 Stg. 0: No Castor Ils employed
Stg. 2: Replaced with Transtage AJ10-118F engine
1604 Stg. 0: Six Castor IIs employed
Stg. 3: Replaced with TE-364-4
9/10/96 133 RTI

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Report, from the pursue collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 181 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.