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This final report, dated September 10, 1996, was prepared by the Research Triangle Institute for the Department of the Air Force's 45th and 30th Space Wing safety offices. Titled Modeling Unlikely Space-Booster Failures in Risk Calculations, it shows how rare Mode-5 failures, in which a rocket veers well off its intended flight line, are modeled in the DAMP risk-analysis program. An appendix lists Atlas, Delta, Titan and Thor launch and failure histories through August 1996.
From the source:Release of 2026-05-08 Incident: 9/10/96, N/A. This report describes the Modeling of Unlikely Space-Booster Failures in Risk Calculations, documenting historical launch failure modes and recommending corrective actions to address them using novel modelling techniques.
“Lockheed”3 pages
The fading-memory recursive filter, defined by Eqs. (12) and (20), can be applied to launch test results to estimate failure probability. For this application the values to be filtered are the test .outcomes, with 0 representing a successful launch, and 1 representing a failure or anomalous behavior. Given a series of outcomes, the filtered result after each launch in the series represents the estimate of failure probability at that point. Filtered results for two filter-control constants are shown in Table 37 for a hypothetical series of ten launches for which all but the second and fourth flights were successful. Table 37. Filter Application for Failure Probability j[] F = 0.98 F =0.90 Index Outcome lter factor, an Fail. Prob. Filter factor, an Fail. Prob. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0000 0.5051 0.3401 0.2576 0.2082 0.1752 0.1517 0.1340 0.1203 0.1093 0.0 0.5051 0.3333 0.5051 0.3999 0.3299 0.2798 0.2423 0.2132 0.1899 1.0000 0.5263 0.3690 0.2908 0.2442 0.2132 0.1917 0.1756 0.1632 0.1535 0.0 0.5263 0.3321 0.5263 0.3978 0.3129 0.2529 0.2085 0.1745 0.1477 In this example, estimated failure probabilities are shown for two values of the filter constant that force the filter to fade at two different rates. After ten launches the estimated failure probability using F = 0.98 is 0.1899. For the faster fading-memory filter (F =0.90), the result is 0.1477. Both estimates are less than that obtained by equal weighting, since the two failures occurred early in the sequence. Note that after four launches (2 successes and 2 failures) both filtered estimates exceed 0.5, since one of the two failures occ~rred during the fourth flight. If the l's and O's used in the example to represent failures and successes were reversed, the same filter would provide estimates of probability of success. 9/10/96 95
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Report, from the pursue collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 181 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.