Documents / FOIA release
roswell
Office of the Secretary of Defense · 993 pages · text from the file's own layer
The Roswell Report: Fact versus Fiction in the New Mexico Desert was published in 1995 by Headquarters United States Air Force. It was written in response to Representative Steven H. Schiff's request and a General Accounting Office audit, and it contains Col. Richard L. Weaver's report and 1st Lt. James McAndrew's synopsis, along with attachments, appendices and photographs. The report says researchers found no evidence of an extraterrestrial craft or crew. It concludes that the 1947 debris came from a Project MOGUL balloon train.
“Gross”26 pages
- p. 143 …Robert Gross ar.d 't!r. Jlaher of Lockheed
11~ 55 A.'.!. Gen. Sam Anderson
12…
- p. 481 …Balloon Volume x Gas Lift
Gross Load ·
It may be noted from this equation that a…
- p. 482 …Balloon Volume x 24.4
Gross Load
K
=-w
K _ 08.o475Z
In turn, w-in…
- p. 483 …free lift in pounds
and G is gross lift in pounds.
Although this equation was derived…
- p. 488 …By equation
{10), with a gross load of 52 kg., the unbalance caused by loss
of…
- p. 500 …or a gross
buoyancy of 450 lb. • the maximum allowable infle.tion of a 30'
diameter…
- p. 569 …accelerating
force equal to 5% of the gross load (52 kg) was acting to bring the…
- p. 643 …000 feet.
In one step, this becomes:
Gross Lift/Balloon = (Balloon Volume) x (Difference in molecular…
- p. 650 (Approximate)
where G • gross load
A chart, Figure 24, has beendrawn up, based on this equation…
- p. 652 …G = loss of lift
G =gross load (balloon weight plus
equipment load)
AT : mean temperature difference…
- p. 653 …not including balloon or its integral
parts.
Gross load: Load on the gas at release (Balloon…
- p. 726 …Ballast • • .. • • '" •
Total Equipment l~eight. • • • • '
Gross Load • • ' • • • •
{56)
- p. 727 …Balloon volwne x gas litt/mol
gross load
cu. ft.
-----------------NAximum Altitude • • • ft, m.s.l…
- p. 741 …altitude deter-
mined by the displacement and gross load.
7. Control systems
Two systems of control…
- p. 777 …By adjusting th~ gross load to be
supported by the gas to equal the total lift…
- p. 787 …Computations
A chart showi~ the relation between altitude, gross lift, and
balloon size has been found…
- p. 883 …The gross load reported should be
accurate to the nearest 200 grams. The amount of lifting…
- p. 885 …A L L 0 0 N
7300 ,, GRoss LoAD
Fl G. 17
NYU BALLOON pROJECT I…
- p. 887 …bubble length and resultant inflated volume,
using gross lift as an expression of volume. It will…
- p. 889 …in Appendix II summarizes the relationship between gross
load and floating level for balloons of several…
- p. 925 …A can of sand
is made to weigh the same amount as the required gross lift…
- p. 933 …the balloon with the equipment
load attached.
Gross Lift: Lift of all of the gas in…
- p. 938 …description.______________
Drag chute ----------------------------
Banner description --------------- ----------
Ballast assembly - description -----------~--
Ballast • • • • • •
Total Equipment i'ieight • • ' • • • • • •
Gross Load • • • • • • • • • • •
-86-
- p. 939 …wnitin_,g________ grams
Actual balloon lift • • • • • • • • ". . .•
II
AActunl gross lift (Balloon lift & balloon wt.) •
Number Helium…
- p. 943 …Gross Lift vs. Bubble Length • • • • • • .107
Graph 3: Buoyancy vs. Altitude • • • • • • • • • .108
Graph 4: Gross Load…
- p. 955 …BALLOOO DA 'fA
General Mills Actual Balloon Estimated Gross Altitude
~ominal Diiameter Volwne Weight Load Limit…
Temperature effects were discussed previously in 'this report.
Those discussions on superheat end adiabatic temperature change
will apply to the general equation. In general, temperature of
the free air and lifting gas can be measured to a fair degree of
accuracy.
Balloon volume at any time is a function of original full balloon
volume plus the summation of all the changes in volume due to pres-
sure and temperature changes and loss of lifting gas. It will
also be affected by loss or gain of: air by the balloon through
diffusion and intake of air through the appendix. The non-
extensible balloon will have a maximum volume and thus any changes
tending to increase the gas volume to a value greater than the
balloon volume will result in a valving of the excess lifting gas
into the air, or {in "the ease of a balloon which will carry in-
ternal pressure) a pressure increase of the lifting gas.
It is for this reason that a non-extensible balloon is said to be
in a state of stable equilibrium in a direction of greater e.l ti-
tude When it is full. Eowever, in a direction of lesser altitude,
and with the case of a p:lrtially full floating balloon, the syste!!_l
is in a state of neutral equilibrium.
Composition of the lifting gas will change due to contamination of
the lifting gas by the entry·of air into the balloon, either by the
flaw of air through thE> appendix opening or by diffusion of e.ir into
the balloon. We may then modify our term for density of the lifting
gas to include a term for the pure gas and a term for the contaminating
air. Using the method of pertial volumes, we me.y equate the density
of the lifting gas at any time by:
p = Pg ( ~ + :iJL )
where: g VbT g Rp Ra
Pg = pressure of the lifting gas
vb • total lifting gas volume
Vp = volume of pure lifting gas in balloon
Va = volume of air in balloon
Rg = epecific gas constant of pure lifting gas
R0 = specific gas constant of air
Then , calling (here we see that since
we may equate:
....!1(-!JL ... _!g_)Tg Rp R0
-59- About this file
FOIA release, from the osd collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 993 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.