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James A. McDivitt oral history (Doug Ward)

NASA Johnson Space Center · 1999-06-29 · 110 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is a NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project transcript of astronaut James A. McDivitt, interviewed by Doug Ward at Elk Lake, Michigan, on 29 June 1999. McDivitt talks about flying F-86s in Korea, test pilot work at Edwards, and his first class at the Aerospace Research Pilot School. He also covers turning down Dyna-soar, joining NASA in 1962 and learning to be an Apollo Program Manager. He describes the Change Board and says decisions were not second-guessed.

  • p. 6 …t a definition of the roles and missions of all the different military services and NASA…
  • p. 29 …control, there was no doubt in my mind what my decision would have been. The Mission…
  • p. 37 …There wasn’t anybody in that Mission Control Center who knew anything about it, so there…
  • p. 40 …Your flight—your Gemini IV mission—was also the first flight where Mission Control was located…
  • p. 61 …But sometimes they just got out of control. WARD: Getting back to the effects of the…
  • p. 68 …We made very few changes to it for the original missions. We made a lot
  • p. 69 …McDivitt 29 June 1999 12-69 of changes to it later on for the longer mission…
  • p. 90 …And nobody was getting this live feed of us possibly losing an Apollo mission. And when…
  • p. 91 …One of which was to allow the reporters in Mission Control with access to the flight…
Johnson Space Center Oral History Project James A. McDivitt
29 June 1999 12-66
module. And it went—once it went, it was either going to work or it wasn’t going to work.
But when you add the lunar module in there, you had all that stuff together, that was a—you
know, that string of things that had to all be correct to make it get to the proper ending was
pretty difficult. I thought that would be the most difficult mission.
WARD: Well, and that’s where your flight, Apollo 9, comes in. Because you had to put all
those elements together and prove that they work.
MCDIVITT: Yeah. Yeah. As a matter of fact, I think it was quite fortuitous that I had a
chance to fly on Apollo 9 and then became the Apollo Spacecraft Program Manager.
Because the things I did on 9, which was really an engineering test flight, that stuff came into
play so much more for me as the Program Manager, later on, when we were running into
difficulties in the—when we had problems with the spacecraft when we were at the Moon or
doing some other things that I had done all those tests myself. Personally. And so, I knew
the difficulty of doing something. Like on Apollo 13, when we had to get it back. The star
alignments and stuff like that, I had already done that myself. Rusty and I had done it.
On Apollo 16, they had a—we had a problem with a actuator for the service module
engine. It was oscillating. I’d already flown this whole stack where we deliberately
oscillated an engine to gimbal like that. And I knew what it felt like inside the spacecraft.
And fortunately, it had—and so, all that stuff that it—it was fortunate I had done it myself.
So, when I got around to making—having to make decisions on those later Apollo landings,
it made me more confident that the decision I was making to go forward was really right.
WARD: In some respects, in comparison with other Apollo missions, Apollo 9 sometimes
gets overlooked as being a rather mundane flight. And yet there are those who believe it may

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