Documents / Report
This Defense Intelligence Reference Document from the Defense Intelligence Agency is dated 2 April 2010 and was produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It is one of a series of advanced technology reports from FY 2009. It reviews general relativistic warp drives, the cosmological constant, Casimir energy and extra space dimensions. It proposes that dark energy may come from higher dimensions and that controlling those dimensions could one day make a warp drive possible.
UNCLASSIFIED/ 'FOR QSFICIC I !IFS ODIi Y,
2.1 WARP DRIVE REQUIREMENTS
Implementation of FTL interstellar travel via warp drives requires engineering of
spacetime into very specialized local geometries as shown by Equation (2.1). The
analysis of these via the general relativistic field equation plus the resultant source
matter equations of state demonstrates that such geometries require the use of
"exotic" matter in order to produce the requisite FTL spacetime modification. Exotic
matter is generally defined by general relativity (GR) physics to be matter that
possesses (renormalized) negative energy density and/or negative stress-tension (=
positive outward pressure, aka gravitational repulsion). The term is widely
misunderstood and misapplied by the non-GR community. Also, it has been claimed
that FTL spacetimes are not plausible because exotic matter violates the general
relativistic energy conditions. 2 However, this has been shown to be a spurious issue
(Reference 11).
The energy density for the Alcubierre (Reference 1) warp drive that is derived from the
general relativistic field equation is complex, so we instead use a more simple formula
to express the net energy required, Ewaq,, to build a warp bubble around a spaceship
(Reference 12):
2 4 1
V war,, (' R CT
Ewarp G (2.3)
= -( 1.21 X l0-14 )v:mpR 2 cr'
where G is Newton's universal gravitation constant (6.673 x 10-11 N·m2/kg 2), 1\,~rr is the
dimensionless speed of the warp bubble, R (> 0) is the radius of the warp bubble, and cr
(> 0) is proportional to the inverse of the warp bubble wall thickness 6. (i.e., cr -1/6.).
Equation (2.3) characterizes the amount of negative energy that one needs to localize
in the walls of the warp bubble. Table 2 presents a tabulation of the required negative
energy as a function of the "warp factor," Vw,up, One can compare the values of Ew,,rp in
the table with the (positive) rest-energy contained in the Sun (1.79 x 1047 J). The
consequence of Equation (2.3) and Table 2 is that if one wants to travel at hyperlight
speeds, then the warp bubble energy requirement will be an enormous negative
number. And this remains true even if one engineers an arbitrarily low sublight speed
warp bubble. Engineering a warp drive bubble is quite daunting given these results.
2 The cond1t1on for ordinary, classical (non-exotic) forms of matter that we are familiar with 1n nature is that PE> p
and/or p, ::: 0, where p, is the energy density and p is the pressure/stress-tension of some source of matter. These
conditions represent two examples of what are variously called the "standard" energy conditions: Weak Energy
Condition (WEC: flE 2 0, flE + p 2 0), Null Energy Condition (NEC: PE+ p::: 0), Dominant Energy Condition (DEC),
and Strong Energy Condition (SEC). These energy cond1t1ons forbid negative energy density between material
objects to occur in nature, but they are mere hypotheses. The energy conditions were developed to establish a
series of mathematical hypotheses governing the behavior of collapsed-matter singularities in the study of
cosmology and black holes.
2
UNCLASSIFIED//F8R 8FFICIAk WCli 0Dlk¥ Not linked to a story yet.
Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 33 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.