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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Ultracapacitors As Energy And Power Storage Devices

Defense Intelligence Agency · 34 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Reference Document from the Defense Intelligence Agency, dated 1 November 2010, was one of a series of advanced technology reports produced in FY 2010 under the Advanced Aerospace Weapons System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It reviews ultracapacitors as energy and power storage devices. It covers how they work, their materials, their commercial and military uses, and new developments such as carbon nanotubes, thin films and magnetic capacitors. It concludes that the U.S. government must understand and adopt advanced ultracapacitors.

  • p. 2 …a series of advanced technolo reports produced in FY 2010 under the Defense Intelligence Agency, (b…
  • p. 5 …The high capacitance is achieved by the enormously high surface area of the carbon electrodes compared…
  • p. 6 …Over the last 30 years, numerous advances have been made that have led to many uses…
  • p. 7 …higher voltage, in much the same manner as a battery. Recent advances in ultracapadtors have moved…
  • p. 11 …Advancements in the understanding of the electric double-layer and ultracapacitor behavior have led to better…
  • p. 14 …For these reasons, activated carbon is the traditional carbon of choice for ultracapacitor applications. Recent advances…
  • p. 15 …Graphene is another advanced carbon material that shows promise to providing increased capacitance. One of the…
  • p. 22 …Advanced carbons will provide better control over the pore size and distribution, leading to an expected…
  • p. 23 UNCLASSIFIED/ /P9Pl 8ffllilsl1k WE'lii QIU Y tuning the inner diameter may provide further enhancements. Figure…
  • p. 30 …Within the next 10 years, ultracaps will begin to see the incorporation of advanced carbon materials…
  • p. 31 …the size of an iPhone with mostly voice- activated functions. As depicted in Figure 16, advancements…
  • p. 32 …Advanced carbons show great promise to generate a carbon electrode with much higher capacitance than the…
  • p. 33 …Tuite, Get the Lowdown On Ultracapacitors; Electronic Design, Nov 2007. 23 D. Tuite, Get the Lowdown…
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Contents
Summary ................................................................................................................iv
Chapter 1: Concept Overview ................................................................................ 1
Batteries and Ultracaps ...................................................................................... 3
History ............................................................................................................... 5
Chapter 2: Materials Technology ........................................................................... 8
Electrolytes ........................................................................................................ 8
Electrodes .......................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 3: Applications ....................................................................................... 13
Electronics and Telecommunications ................................................................ 13
Industrial ......................................................................................................... 13
Transportation ................................................................................................. 14
Aerospace ........................................................................................................ 15
Chapter 4: Recent Developments ........................................................................ 17
CNTs and Advanced Carbons ............................................................................ 17
Thin Films ........................................................................................................ 20
Magnetic Capacitors ......................................................................................... 21
Chapter 5: Future Developments ......................................................................... 25
Chapter 6: Conclusions ........................................................................................ 27
Chapter 7: Endnotes ............................................................................................ 28
Figures
Figure 1. Ultracaps in Various Configurations ....................................................... 1
Figure 2. Operation of an Ultracapacitor ................................................................ 3
Figure 3. Ragone Plot ............................................................................................. 5
Figure 4. Electrolytic Capacitor as Designed and Patented by SOHIO ..................... 5
Figure 5. Activated Carbon Porosity ..................................................................... 10
Figure 6. Ultracapacitor Use in a Forklift ................................................................ 14
Figure 7. CNT Forest ................................................................................................18
Figure 8. Transmission Electron Microscope Image of Graphene ......................... 19
Figure 9. Relationship Between Average Pore Size and Normalized Specific
Capacitance ............................................................................................................. 20
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 34 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.