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This Defense Intelligence Reference Document from the Defense Intelligence Agency, dated 23 March 2010, was produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It surveys invasive and noninvasive brain-machine interface technologies for controlling external devices without limb-operated interfaces. The technologies covered include EEG, MEG, fMRI, NIRS, and implanted electrode arrays. It concludes that noninvasive electrical monitoring is the most promising near-term approach. In the long term, it favors invasive single-neuron cortical connections that use optical stimulation or chip-based arrays.
UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICJI k YEE ,n.LY Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................v Direct Neural Signals .............................................................................................. 1 Indirect Neuronal Signals - The BDLD Effect .......................................................... 3 Control of External Devices .................................................................................... 4 Noninvasive Technologies ...................................................................................... 6 EEG .................................................................................................................... 7 MEG .................................................................................................................... 8 EMG .................................................................................................................... 9 MRI and fMRI ..................................................................................................... 9 NIRS ................................................................................................................. 10 Invasive Technologies .......................................................................................... 10 Open-Loop Direct Cortical Array Algorithm Modeling ....................................... 11 Closed-Loop Peripheral Arrays Utilizing Visual Feedback ................................. 13 MEMS, ECoG, and PSoC Circuitry ...................................................................... 14 Chronic Neural Implants and fMRI ................................................................... 16 New Electrode Designs ..................................................................................... 18 Hybrid Neuro-Robotic Systems for True Closed-Loop BMI ................................ 20 Trials Using Human Subjects ............................................................................ 22 Optical Stimulation of Action Potentials ........................................................... 23 Discussion ............................................................................................................ 23 Noninvasive Electrical Devices ......................................................................... 24 Noninvasive BOLD-Based devices ..................................................................... 25 Noninvasive Magnetic Devices ......................................................................... 26 Invasive Technologies - General, Optical, and Ex-Vivo Engineering ................. 26 Implantable Chips, Ladders, and Arrays ........................................................... 27 iii UNCLASSIFIED//F811. 8FFll!IAI! l!llilii 8111:¥
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 36 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.