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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Laser Lightcraft Nanosatellites

Defense Intelligence Agency · 77 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Reference Document from the Defense Intelligence Agency, dated 1 November 2010, was produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It describes nanosatellite technologies and proposes launching nanosats into orbit with laser Lightcraft propulsion. It also covers a weapon mission selection study and multi-megawatt laser options. The author recommends that the Department of Defense and NASA bring Lightcraft R&D back to the United States and restart the X-50LR flight demonstration program.

  • p. 3 …Ground/Sea-to-Space Concept ............................................................. 27 Figure 15. Air-to-Space Concept ......................................................................... 28 Figure 16. Schematic…
  • p. 31 …Ground/Sea-to-Space Concept: Appropriate rotation of a high-energy laser beam, emanating from a…
  • p. 32 …more than about 10 MW for ground/sea-based lasers, and no more than about 2…
  • p. 33 …SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Ground/Sea to Space (ETO) 261 If laser propulsion can provide nearly all…
  • p. 34 UNCLASSIFIED/ /1"91t 9ffU!l"I!! l!l!il! 8111!!¥ ground, sea and air launches of…
  • p. 37 …favorable for Lightcraft than air-to- ground/sea or air-to-air missions, which are not…
  • p. 39 …to be an attractive alternative to ground/sea-based laser Lightcraft systems. In this case, airborne…
  • p. 43 …would allow detection of most air, land, sea, and space targets, as well as many "low…
  • p. 64 …The Naval Sea Systems Command's (NAVSEA) Directed Energy and Electric Weapon Systems (DE&EWS) Program…
  • p. 67 …Lightcraft nanosat or picosat from the ground, sea, or air, it will be necessary to control…
  • p. 68 …beam train suitable for ground, airborne and sea platforms. • Primary mirror which is also a deformable…
  • p. 71 …to launch laser-propelled Lightcraft from ground/sea to LEO while apertures on aircraft-mounted laser…
  • p. 72 …The entire Lightcraft launch system is comprised of a ground, sea, or airborne laser beam generator…
  • p. 73 …Launching a laser-propelled Lightcraft nanosat/picosat from the ground, sea, or air into LEO requires…
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Contents
Chapter 1: Nanosatellite Technologies .................................................................. 3
Chapter 2: Laser Lightcraft Nanosatellite Propulsion .............................................. 11
Chapter 3: Laser Lightcraft Weapon Mission Selection Study .................................. 27
Chapter 4: Summary of Multi-Megawatt Laser Study for Lightcraft Propulsion
Applications ..................................................................................................... 42
Chapter 5: Conclusion ...................................................................................... 68
References ....................................................................................................... 71
Figures
Figure 1. Air Force X-25LR Laser Lightcraft .......................................................... 12
Figure 2. AFRL Test Vehicle in Vertical Flight ........................................................ 14
Figure 3. Time-Lapse Photo of a Lightcraft Undergoing an Outdoor Vertical Flight Test 15
Figure 4. Lightcraft Flight-Test Vehicle Used in Horizontal Guide-Wire Flight Tests ...... 16
Figure 5. Lightcraft Undergoing Horizontal Guide-Wire Flight Test ........................... 16
Figure 6. Lightcraft Undergoing Horizontal Guide-Wire Flight Test ........................... 17
Figure 7. Lightcraft Concept ............................................................................... 18
Figure 8. Lightcraft Trajectory and Associated Pointing Angles ................................. 19
Figure 9. Lightcraft Vehicle Evolution ................................................................... 20
Figure 10. Attenuation Effects on Captured Laser Beam Power ................................ 22
Figure 11. Influence of Trajectory and Laser Wavelength on Captured Power ............. 22
Figure 12. Captured Laser Power vs. Increasing Range from 11.2 μm CO2 Laser ........ 23
Figure 13. Influence of Lightcraft Range and Pointing Angles on Captured Power ........ 24
Figure 14. Ground/Sea-to-Space Concept ............................................................. 27
Figure 15. Air-to-Space Concept ......................................................................... 28
Figure 16. Schematic of Power Oscillator Optics ................................................... .44
Figure 17. Schematic of MOPA ............................................................................ 45
Figure 18. Schematic of the Laser N2/CO2/H2 Gas Flow System ................................ 45
Figure 19. Northrop Grumman's Joint High Power Bulk Slab Solid-State Laser .......... .48
Figure 20. DARPA's High Energy Liquid Laser Area Defense System ......................... 50
Figure 21. Phase Change Materials Allow Storage of Large Intermittent Heat Loads
While Slow Regeneration Removes Heat from Aircraft ............................................ 52
Figure 22. Typical HPFL MDPA Design .................................................................. 54
Figure 23. Fiber Laser Beam Combining Techniques ............................................... 54
Figure 24. Pumping Fiber Lasers ......................................................................... 56
Figure 25. Large and Small Diameter Fiber Lasers ................................................. 56
Figure 26. Single Mode Fiber Laser Modules .......................................................... 57
Figure 27. Multimode HPFLs ............................................................................... 57
Figure 28. Free-Electron Laser ............................................................................ 58
Figure 29. Free-Electron Laser Mechanism ............................................................ 58
Figure 30. Free-Electron Laser Electron Beam Phase-Space Evolution ....................... 59
Figure 31. Recirculating-Beam FEL System ........................................................... 60
Figure 32. High-Power FEL Optical Resonator ........................................................ 62
Figure 33. Notional Long Range HEL Beam Control System ..................................... 64
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