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This Defense Intelligence Reference Document, dated 15 December 2010, is a Defense Intelligence Agency report from its Advanced Aerospace Weapons System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It looks at how many unmanned spacecraft one human pilot could control during future deep-space missions, drawing on research into air traffic control and piloting of multiple unmanned vehicles. It concludes that the limits are about 16 craft for simple tasks, 7 for moderately complex tasks and 4 for complex mixed fleets. It adds that physiological measures can signal when an operator is overloaded.
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UNCLASSIFIED/ ,l"ell 81"1"11!1*1! lall!i i;n11e~r References 1 Hart, S. G. & Staveland, L. E. in Human Mental Workload, eds Peter A. Hancock & N Meshkati) 139-183 (North Holland, 1988). 2 Hart, S. G. NASA Task Load Index (TLX): 20 Years Later, (2006). 3 Hart, S. G. & Staveland, L. E. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research, (1987). 4 Reid, G. B., Shingledecker, C. A. & Eggemeier, F. T. in Human Factors Society 25th annual meeting. 522-526 (Human Factors Society). 5 Cummings, M. L. & Mitchell, P. J. Operator scheduling strategies in supervisory control of multiple UAVs. Aerospace Science and Technology 11, 339-348, doi: 10.1016/j.ast.2006.10.007 (2007). 6 Graydon, F. X. et al. Visual event detection during simulated driving: Identifying the neural correlates with functional neuroimaging. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 7, 271-286, doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2004.09.006 (2004). 7 Kandel, E. R., Schwartz, J. H. & Jessel I, T. M. Principles of neural science. 4th edn, (McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division, 2000). 8 Jennings, J. R., Stringfellow, J.C. & Graham, M. A comparison of the statistical distributions of beat-by-beat heart rate and heart period. Psychophysiology 11, 207-210 (1974). 9 Porges, S. W. & Byrne, E. A. Research methods for measurement of heart rate and respiration. Biol Psycho/ 34, 93-130 ( 1992). 10 Mulder, L. J. Measurement and analysis methods of heart rate and respiration for use in applied environments. Biol Psycho/ 34, 205-236 (1992). 11 Steptoe, A. & Sawada, Y. Assessment of baroreceptor reflex function during mental stress and relaxation. Psychophysiology 26, 140-147 (1989). 12 Genik, R. J., 2nd, Green, C. C., Graydon, F. X. & Armstrong, R. E. Cognitive avionics and watching spaceflight crews think: generation-a~er-next research tools in functional neuroimaging. Aviat Space Environ Med 76, B208-212 (2005). 13 Warm, J. S., Parasuraman, R. & Matthews, G. Vigilance requires hard mental work and is stressful. Hum Factors 50, 433-441 (2008). 14 Dussault, C., Jouanin, J. C., Philippe, M. & Guezennec, C. Y. EEG and ECG changes during simulator operation reflect mental workload and vigilance. Aviat Space Environ Med 76, 344-351 (2005). 15 Kramer, A. F., Trejo, L. J. & Humphrey, D. Assessment of mental workload with task-irrelevant auditory probes. Biol Psycho/ 40, 83-100, doi:0301- 0511(95)05108-2 [pii] (1995). 16 Backs, R. W. & Walrath, L. C. Eye movement and pupillary response indices of mental workload during visual search of symbolic displays. Appl Ergon 23, 243- 254, doi:000368709290152L [pii] (1992). 17 Freedman, L. W. et al. The relationship of sweat gland count to electrodermal activity. Psychophysiology 31, 196-200 (1994). 24 UNCLASSIFIED/ ,'fl!ll l!ffiliiiiR.k l.lliili O•lk¥
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 31 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.