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This Defense Intelligence Reference Document, dated 15 December 2010, is a Defense Intelligence Agency report from its Advanced Aerospace Weapons System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It looks at how many unmanned spacecraft one human pilot could control during future deep-space missions, drawing on research into air traffic control and piloting of multiple unmanned vehicles. It concludes that the limits are about 16 craft for simple tasks, 7 for moderately complex tasks and 4 for complex mixed fleets. It adds that physiological measures can signal when an operator is overloaded.
“Mission Control”7 pages
UNCLASSIFIED//F811. 8ffll!l*le lall!! 8111!¥ II Intensity I States: Fatigue Decision Time sec) ¢:::: Task load -s--Processing Rate ,, -. Motive (bits) (bits•sec 1 ) • A • t / l nx1e y ... \ ti'. etc. ~--~-- _°'_'_:'~i;~ted ·---------.lf..t.cPQ\I Task Difficulty Capacity/ Resources \'' o~'ie'decreases increases -••.._ Decision Time (sec) --,-- Time available (sec) ⇒ Time pressure Time ~ Figure 5. Information Processing Model for a Human Operator. 37 In modeling the controllers themselves, one can look to selection efforts and find which candidate skills are the best predictors of training success. Pre-strike data (see footnote hon page 9) of ATC training showed that strong candidates had skills in spatial relations, abstract reasoning, and math as well as oral decision-making. 38 In designing a model, it is tempting to engage subject matter experts (SME) to estimate the demand of various resources within a multiple resource model of ATC. Cohen studied SME predictions of workload within a model of 7 channels (visual perception, auditory perception, spatial information processing, analytical information processing, verbal information processing, manual activity and speech). The authors concluded that using the 7-channel multiple resource model with the SME approach doesn't work for predicting workload in the ATC task. 39 Hancock has written extensively on the multiple-resource model of cognitive task performance under stress. He points out that functional brain imaging studies clearly show resources are separated anatomically, providing evidence that the multiple resource model should not be abandoned in future research. 40 One model that was proposed was that local visual distractions interfered with cockpit ATC tasks. The model has attractiveness given the incredible complexity of cockpit displays and the popular notion that in-vehicle distraction is the root of all evil for automobile driving. Iona proposed that a tunnel display for in-cockpit ATC information would reduce the effect of outside visual distraction and increase primary task performance measures. The authors concluded that this type of augmentation has little effect on trained professional pilots in performance of their duties. 41 16 UNCLASSIFIED//FQII. QFFlliil,t k llili O•lk¥
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 31 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.