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CIA's Role in the Study of UFOs, 1947-90

CIA (Gerald Haines) · 1997 · 18 pages · text from the file's own layer

This 1997 study by Gerald K. Haines, National Reconnaissance Office historian, traces CIA interest in UFOs from the late 1940s to 1990 using Agency records compiled after DCI R. James Woolsey ordered a 1993 file review. It covers Air Force projects SIGN, GRUDGE and BLUE BOOK, the 1953 Robertson panel, U-2 and OXCART flights mistaken for UFOs, and disputes with Keyhoe and Davidson. It concludes that Agency concern was substantial until the early 1950s and limited and peripheral since.

UFOs
nomena. TheRobertsonpanel
report,according toWilson, was the
summation ofAgencyinterest and
involvement inUFOs. Wilson also
inferred thattherewere noadditional
documents inCIA spossession that
related toUFOs.Wilson was ill
informed. 83
InSeptember 1977,Spaulding and
GSW,unconvinced byWilson s
response, filed aFreedom ofInforma
tion Act(FOIA)lawsuitagainst the
Agency thatspecificallyrequested all
UFOdocuments in CIA spossession.
Deluged bysimilarFOIArequests for
Agencyinformation onUFOs, CIA
officialsagreed, aftermuch legal
maneuvering, toconduct a reason
ablesearch ofCIA files forUFO
materials.84 Despite anAgency-wide
unsympatheticattitudetoward the
suit,Agencyofficials, led byLaunie
Ziebell from theOffice ofGeneral
Counsel,conducted athorough
search forrecordspertaining to
UFOs. Persistent,demanding, and
eventhreatening attimes,Ziebell and
hisgroupscoured theAgency. They
eventurned up an oldUFO file
under asecretary s desk. Thesearch
finallyproduced 355documents total
ingapproximately 900pages. On 14
December 1978, theAgencyreleased
all but 57documents ofabout 100
pages toGSW. Itwithheld these 57
documents onnationalsecurity
grounds and toprotectsources and
methods.85
Although thereleaseddocuments pro
duced nosmoking gun andrevealed
only alow-levelAgencyinterest in the
UFOphenomena after theRobertson
panelreport of1953, the presstreated
therelease in asensationalmanner.
TheNew York Times, forexample,
claimed that thedeclassifieddocu
mentsconfirmedintensive
governmentconcern overUFOs and
that theAgency wassecretlyinvolved
in thesurveillance ofUFOs.86 GSW
then sued for therelease of thewith
helddocuments,claiming that the
Agency was stillholding out key
information.87 It wasmuch like the
John F.Kennedyassassination issue.
Nomatter howmuchmaterial the
Agencyreleased and nomatter how
dull andprosaic theinformation, peo
plecontinued tobelieve in aAgency
coverup andconspiracy.
DCIStansfieldTurner was so upset
when he read TheNew York Times
article that heasked hissenior offic
ers, Are we inUFOs? After
reviewing therecords, DonWortman,
DeputyDirector forAdministration,
reported toTurner that there was no
organizedAgencyeffort to doresearch
inconnection with UFOphenomena
nor has there been anorganizedeffort
tocollectintelligence onUFOs since
the1950s. WortmanassuredTurner
that theAgencyrecords held only
sporadicinstances ofcorrespondence
dealingwith thesubject, including
variouskinds ofreports ofUFO sight
ings. There was noAgencyprogram
tocollectactivelyinformation on
UFOs, and thematerialreleased to
GSW had fewdeletions.88 Thus
assured,Turner had theGeneral
Counsel press for asummaryjudg
mentagainst the newlawsuit by
GSW. In May 1980, thecourts dis
missed thelawsuit,finding that the
Agency hadconducted athorough
andadequatesearch ingoodfaith. 89
During the late 1970s and1980s, the
Agencycontinued itslow-keyinterest
inUFOs and UFOsightings. While
mostscientists nowdismissedflying
saucersreports as aquaint part of the
1950s and 1960s, some in the
Agency and in theIntelligenceCorn-
munityshifted theirinterest to
studyingparapsychology andpsychic
phenomenaassociated with UFO
sightings. CIAofficials alsolooked at
the UFOproblem todetermine what
UFOsightingsmight tell themabout
Sovietprogress inrockets and
missiles andreviewed itscounterintel
ligenceaspects. Agencyanalysts from
the LifeScienceDivision ofOSI and
OSWRofficiallydevoted asmall
amount oftheir time to issues relat
ing toUFOs. Theseincluded
counterintelligenceconcerns that the
Soviets and the KGB were using US
citizens and UFOgroups toobtain
information onsensitive USweapons
developmentprograms (such as the
Stealthaircraft), thevulnerability of
the USair-defensenetwork to pene
tration byforeignmissilesmimicking
UFOs, andevidence ofSoviet
advancedtechnologyassociated with
UFOsightings.
CIA alsomaintainedIntelligence
Communitycoordination with other
agenciesregarding theirwork in para
psychology,psychicphenomena, and
remoteviewing experiments. In
general, theAgency took aconserva
tivescientific view ofthese
unconventionalscientificissues.
There was noformal orofficial UFO
projectwithin theAgency in the
1980s, andAgencyofficialspurposely
kept files onUFOs to aminimum to
avoidcreatingrecords thatmight mis
lead thepublic ifreleased. 0
The 1980s alsoproducedrenewed
charges that theAgency was stillwith
holdingdocumentsrelating to the
1947Roswellincident, inwhich a
flyingsaucersupposedlycrashed in
NewMexico, and thesurfacing ofdoc
umentswhichpurportedlyrevealed
theexistence of a topsecret US
research anddevelopmentintelligence
78

Cases discussed

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Document, cited by the archive. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 18 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.