Documents / FOIA release
This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, dated October 1995, contains the proceedings of a conference on ethnic conflict held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored it. Academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials presented papers on ethnic and territorial conflict in Eastern Europe, Western Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. They also discussed what these conflicts mean for US policy. The document contains no UFO material.
“Nevers”25 pages
C00123268 Table 1 National Composition of the Population, 1989 Population in thousands (and percentages) Republic 'Titular Nontitular Of Nontitular: Russians indigenous Minorities Neighbors Russia 119.866 (81.5) 27,156 (18.5) 17,283 (63.6) 6,765 (24.9) Ukraine 37,419 (72.7) 14.033 (27.3) 11.356 (80.9) 47 (0.3) 1,282 (9.1) Belarus 7.905 (77.9) 2,247 (22.1) 1.342 (59.7) 716 (31.9) Moldova 2,795 (64.5) 1,541 (35.5) 562 (36.5) 153 (10.0) 600 (39.0) Uzekistan 14,142 (71.4) 5,668 (28.6) 1,653 (29.2) 412 (7.3) 2,067 (36.5) Kazakstan 6,535 (39.7) 9,930 (60.3) 6,228 (62.7) 1,123 (113) Kyrgyzstan 2,230 (52.4) 2,028 (47.6) 917 (45.2) 695 (34.3) Tajikistan 3.172 (62.3) 1,920 (37.7) 388 (20.2) 1,282 (66.8) Turkrnenistan 2,537 (72.0) 986 (28.0) 334 (33.9) 411 (41.7) Georgia 3.787 (70.1) 1.613 (29.9) 341 (21.1) 260 (16.1) 745 (46.2) Azerbaijan 5,805 (82.7) 1,216 (17.3) 392 (32.3) 391 (32.1) 186 (15.3) Armenia 3.084 (93.3) 221 (6.7) 52 (23.3) 86 (39.0) Lithuania - 2,924 (79.6) 751 (20.4) 344 (45.9) 325 (43.4) Latvia 1.388 (52.0) 1,279 (48.0) 906 (70.8) 158 (12.3) Estonia 963 (61.5) 602 (38.5) 475 (78.8) Note: Indigenous minorities include those ethnonational communi- Source: Goskomstat SSSR,Ilogi Vsesoiuznoi PempisiNasele- ties with autonomous territories in the Union republics of the nila 1989 Goda, Volume 7, parts 1 and 2. Minneapolis: East former USSR. In addition, in Moldova the Gagauz are included, View Publications, 1993. and in Ukraine the Crimean Tatars are included. The category "Neighbors" includes the members of the titular nations of the Union republics whose borders arc adjacent to the republic in question. Asian republics, demographic indigenization rather groups. Under these conditions, in-migrating "for- than greater demographic Russification has been the eigners" tend to be blamed. Because Russians and trend for most of the postwar period. other European groups occupy the higher status posi- tions in Central Asia's urban/industrial sectors, this Social Mobility and Relative Deprivation tendency is not unjustified. These socioeconomic con- Ethnoterritorial conflict tends to be more violent in ditions provided the catalyst for sporadic antiforeigner places where indigenous access to upward mobility is violence in Central Asia, often conducted by unem- blocked by socially mobilized outsiders, creating a ployed educated indigenous youths against a vulnera- condition of "aspirational deprivation" (that is, where ble population that was depicted as receiving a group's rising aspirations go unfulfilled) (Gurr preferential access to scarce economic goods such as 1970). This is particularly apparent in Central Asia, housing, jobs, and food (for example, Meskhetian where dramatic increases in the levels of indigenous Turks in Uzbekistan, Armenians in Dushanke). 4 educational attainment during the 1970s and 1980s resulted in equally dramatic increases in aspirations. ' Byron Weiner (1978) found these same conditions underlying the These aspirations were not met due to economic stag- rise of indigenous nativism among India's so-called sons of the g- soil. Nativism is defined by Weiner as "intense opposition to nation and more recently economic depression in the minorities because of their foreign origin." region, resulting in rising unemployment, especially among the young educated members of the indigenous 64
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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.