Documents / FOIA release
1995-10-01a- CIA Conference Report: THE CHALLENGE OF ETHNIC CONFLICT TO NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ORDER IN THE 1990S GEOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVES 01-Oct-95
Central Intelligence Agency · 205 pages · text from the file's own layer
This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, dated October 1995, contains the proceedings of a conference on ethnic conflict held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored it. Academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials presented papers on ethnic and territorial conflict in Eastern Europe, Western Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. They also discussed what these conflicts mean for US policy. The document contains no UFO material.
“Nevers”25 pages
- p. 50 …Muslim Serbs and Muslim Croats never defined them-
selves as a people. They never said that…
- p. 51 …If the
standing why the Albanians never claimed Kosovo. Serbs really attempt to annihilate the Kosovar…
- p. 62 …be taught as a second foreign language, never of relative insulation from other countries' problems
as…
- p. 78 …It never majority? Should the leftover colonials learn the
was. It might be useful, instead, to…
- p. 91 …As such, the
ability of states to get from their people what they
want has never…
- p. 92 …much as they fight with other groups, and the same The peoples of Africa never chose…
- p. 93 …I never would have sent them in the
about election monitors. Is that sufficient to tide…
- p. 109 …the provisions of this agreement were never imple-
mented, and Kurdish autonomy became a dead issue…
- p. 110 …only by those remaining in Lebanon, that prospect was
never accepted by Muslims. The absence of…
- p. 112 …field, several cities, and a population of never known democracy. Other hopes can be enter-
15…
- p. 114 …But in this region we can never say never, as evi-
Discussant: Mildred Berman denced by…
- p. 116 …Although Sovietologists could never have predicted
Introduction: The Disuniting of China the rapid events that dismantled…
- p. 119 …The Chinese, in my opinion, never take China for
granted, culturally, politically, or otherwise. This is…
- p. 120 …Few
have questioned how the Han became the 94-percent
National identities, although imagined, are never…
- p. 121 …be one reason why these categories have never been China is made crystal clear from his…
- p. 123 …The Uighur will known as a "Ku Cong" nationalist, seeking recogni-
never become independent as long…
- p. 133 …such actions are sometimes trag- conflict should never be justified. Intervention, as we
edies writ in…
- p. 141 …guarantee Sociocultural identities in South Asia have never been
some semblance of fair representation in the…
- p. 147 …Although never posing a tional sentiment in regard to the controversial destruc-
serious challenge to Congress…
- p. 157 …The people in Kashmir are never represented the Sikh rank and file.
alienated to a degree…
- p. 166 …These are the people who
have never had any form of internationally recognized
status and who…
- p. 169 …as we should not underestimate the state boundaries in
illegal immigrants and never get counted.
159
- p. 177 …The French nation never managed to incorpo-
not co-opt civilians speaking German, Italian, and rate…
- p. 186 …still hate Turks is that there has never been context is a complicated array of things…
- p. 204 …In alluding to the statement by
You are never going to have total agreement on mov…
C00123268
The second question is: how do we evaluate the poli- DR. MURPHY: The United States has an interest in a
cies of individual states in relation to minority groups, stable and economically vital Europe. This would sug-
in particular, territorial policies? There was an gest that it is in the US interest to promote the kind of
extended discussion in the paper of the Basque situa- policy options that lead to stability from an ethnic
tion, where power has been devolved to regions of a standpoint. That may mean some of the kinds of terri-
quasiautonomous nature. Despite this devolution, a torial policies that I suggested. It also means that the
continuation of fairly strong anti-Madrid bias can still United States should promote the idea of a European
be seen in voting patterns in Spain. At the same time, Community that does not just look like a much more
overt violence has been reduced. This raises questions centralized community but one that actually facilitates
about the impact of state policies that acknowledge the kinds of regional linkages that Dr. Williams has
the existence of ethnic concentrations and use territo- outlined. We should be not be scared of the fact that
rial policies to incorporate ethnic groups in the deci- the nation-state is changing. It is in the US interest to
sionmaking process. It may mean-as has happened promote the kind of regional arrangements that will
to a degree in the Basque case-that bringing a sepa- lead to a more stable and outward-looking Europe.
ratist group into the decisionmaking structure may
marginalize the more violent elements of the group.
General Discussion
QUESTION: With regard to ethnic issues, what poli-
cies are likely to best promote US interests in the
region?
58
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About this file
FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.