Documents / FOIA release

1995-10-01a- CIA Conference Report: THE CHALLENGE OF ETHNIC CONFLICT TO NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ORDER IN THE 1990S GEOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVES 01-Oct-95

Central Intelligence Agency · 205 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, dated October 1995, contains the proceedings of a conference on ethnic conflict held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored it. Academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials presented papers on ethnic and territorial conflict in Eastern Europe, Western Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. They also discussed what these conflicts mean for US policy. The document contains no UFO material.

  • p. 18 …Turning to the first issue, the tained, and how territory is used to advance particular habit…
  • p. 19 …As a quently used tactic to advance particular ethnoterrito- result, the internal territorial structure of Belgium…
  • p. 39 …origin. 'The Hungarians saw the Czech majority as advanced and civi- lized as themselves. The Hungarian…
  • p. 58 …as advanced industrial societies become more com- Despite the current difficulties with the European plex, diverse…
  • p. 60 …representative politics, which follows the advance of- Granted that the European Union exists in part to…
  • p. 62 …The the advanced capitalist world economy. In light of the key instrument is the degree of…
  • p. 97 …The policy, grounded in the assumption that sets the stage for potential conflict with the non…
  • p. 111 …The thinly disguised Army state and no realistic proposal has been advanced that coup of January…
  • p. 124 C00123268 As noted above, other groups to watch outside the advanced nationality in China); and Mongol…
  • p. 130 C00123268 the loyalty, allegiance, and cooperation of ethnic Christianity advances, both in the mountains and also…
  • p. 132 …In sum, the end of ideology as a factor in Communist forces consistently advanced, supplied national…
  • p. 138 …advance their interests by a wide variety of University of Minnesota means. These include the formation…
  • p. 140 …It also notes the cific genre de vie. means by which ethnic groups seek to advance…
  • p. 144 …advanced than those previously ruled by redrawing of the political map. The 1956 Act, how- the…
  • p. 161 …I am only A comprehensive case for the value of the demo-here advancing a comparative…
  • p. 182 …the Nation State System," J. A. Laponce, Languages and Their Territories, Tor- Political Geography: Recent Advances…
  • p. 191 …everywhere, including the date individual rights, as well as national and ethnic most advanced West European…
C00123268
DR. SCHWARTZBERG: The Indian Government has under control. However, the raid on the Golden Tem-
been willing to pull back. This has not happened yet in ple will not soon be forgotten, nor the many other
Kashmir and Punjab, however human rights abuses that the Indian Government has
committed in the name of quelling that insurrection. I
QUESTION: Would you comment on the Kashmir sit- believe, however, that the prospects for reconciliation
uation? exist, and many people who know Punjab better than I
do say that, even at the worst of times, the majority of
DR. SCHWARTZBERG: I plan to work on Kashmir Sikhs were always moderate and that the extremists
during the coming year. The people in Kashmir are never represented the Sikh rank and file.
alienated to a degree that will preclude their reconcili-
ation with India. I cannot predict exactly the shape of One fundamental difference between Kashmir and the
the future of Kashmir, but I will predict that there will Punjab is that the dissociation of Punjab from India
be a significant change in the situation there. would probably let loose an unstoppable Balkaniza-
tion of India, while dissociation of Kashmir would not
I am more optimistic in the case of Punjab, a richer necessarily result in such an outcome.
area and strategically much more important. There
seem to be signs that India has the Punjab situation
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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.