Documents / FOIA release
This is a CIA History Staff monograph by Gregory W. Pedlow and Donald E. Welzenbach, published in Washington in 1992 and approved for release in 2011. It covers the CIA's manned overhead reconnaissance program from 1954 to 1974, which developed and flew the U-2 and the A-12 OXCART. It traces the U-2's development, the overflights of the Soviet Union, the downing of Francis Gary Powers on 1 May 1960, and later operations. One section is titled U-2s, UFOs, and Operation BLUE BOOK.
“The Advance”26 pages
005653421 UNCLASSIFIED —51reret-WELlaft_ Chapter 6 306 During the next six weeks, there were alerts for 15 BLACK SHIELD missions, seven of which were actually flown. Only four de- tected hostile radar signals. By mid-July 1967. the BLACK SHIELD missions had provided sufficient evidence for analysts to conclude that no surface-to-surface missiles had been deployed in North Vietnam.6' [0 12958 1.61111111>1010<25Yrs (Si Project Headquarters in Langley_planned and directed all operational BLACK SHIELD missions. \ A typical mission over North Vietnam required refueling south of Okinawa, shortly after takeoff. After the planned photographic pas- ses, the aircraft withdrew for a second aerial refueling in the Thailand area before returning to Kadena. So _great was the plane's speed that it spent only 12.5 minutes over Vietnam during a "single-pass" mis- sion, and 21.5 minutes during a "two-pass" mission. Because of its wide 86-mile turning radius, the plane occasionally crossed into Chinese airspace when getting into position for a second pass. After the aircraft landed, the camera film was removed and sent by special plane to processing facilities in the United States. By late summer, however, an Air Force photo laboratory in Japan began do- ing the processing in order to place the photointelligence in the hands of US commanders in Vietnam within 24 hours of a mission's com- pletion. BLACK SHIELD activity continued unabated during the second half of 1967. From 16 August to 31 December 1967, 26 missions were alerted and 15 were flown. On 17 September one SAM site tracked the vehicle with its acquisition radar but was unsuccessful with its FAN SONG guidance radar. It was not until 28 October that a North Vietnamese SAM site launched a missile at the OXCART. Mission photography documented the event with photographs of mis- sile smoke above the SAM firing site and pictures of the missile and its contrail. Electronic countermeasures equipment aboard the OXCART performed well, and the missile did not endanger the air- craft. 'OXCART Story. - pp. 25-28 (S): OSA History, chap. 20. pp. 119-124. annex 1 _(iS Codeword). UNCLASSIFIED
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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 406 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.