USSR: Measures of Economic Growth and Development, 1950-80

Approved for Release: 2019/07/19 C05210421
Table C-4
USSR: Derivation of Grain Fed to Livestock
W f
1973 1974
'
Million tons
1975 1976 1977 1978 '
1979
:l:ota_l"§ncentr_aitesj f_ 1 17.OU_ 127.9 112.9 117.4 __7__i43.o__ _N_l1_5_.9_ __ 146.6
grainl=__¥_ ___ A
99.10 __1o9.s2 _ 101.23 99.44 121.91 124.70 125.07
Milling byproducts C Wl2.10 12.07 _ .1133 .. 9~§9 _...'..3;5l .12-5.1,. 12.94 f
Oilseed meal ‘
_
____ Official L NA NA silt 7773.48 775737.637‘ 5/773.317’ 3.19
5
Calculated = 3J3 3.42 1-517':._ ?5§fi'..§f.§jf..I.;l..s.;.;.._ f;-§ .
Alfalfa meal Y 2.07 2.79 3.60 4.68 4.95 5.58 5.40
8' 1979: Narkhoz 1979. p. 284,
1975-78: Narkho;l978, p. 258,
1973-74: Narkhoz I975, p. 412.
b Total concentrates less milling byproducts, oilseed meal, and
alfalfa meal.
¢ Table C-5. According to Ek selkhoz, no. 4, 1971, p. 28, 92 percent
of milling byproducts are used as feed.
d USDA, data supplied under the US-USSR Agriculture Agree-
ment. Maslo-zhiroyava promyshlennosf, no. 2, 1980. Vest stat, no.
10, 1980, p. 79. According to ibid., 75 percent of total output of
oilseed meal is used as feed.
= A (ER) 75-68, p. 33-34. The Food and Agriculture Organization of
the United Nations. in a massive study, has also calculated the
USSR's production of oilseed meals from 1965-75. See A Survey of
A comparison of the derived series with the official
shows that it understates actual feed use in about half
of the years for which the official data are available
and overstates by roughly similar quantities in the
other half. Thus, error in the series should be offset-
ting over time. No serious bias is introduced by the
assumption that residual potatoes are fed. Neverthe-
less, data for years with drastic inconsistencies, such
as 1950 and 1951 have been arbitrarily smoothed.
Similarly, for those years when the residual is sub-
stantially larger than the usual quantity fed, such as
1973, the statistic has been arbitrarily reduced. Given
the possible margin of error already present in the
basic data from which the balance is derived , such
adjustments do not seem. unreasonable. Data for 1971
forward are rounded to millions because the underly-
ing data for the balance, particularly for industrial
use, are less certain than those for earlier years.
i
Vegetables. We assume that all vegetables not con-
sumed by humans are fed to animals, thatis, produc-
tion plus imports less human consumption equals feed.
Lack of data precludes adjustments for exports or
309
93-892 O — 82 — 21
the Oilseeds, Oils, Fats, and Protein Meal Sector in the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republic, CCP:OF 7/C.R.S.1, March. 1977,11. 41.
The FAO quantities of oilseed meal produced are higher than our
calculations and also higher than the official statistics for the years
in which both are available.
‘Estimated at 90 percent of procurements as reported in the central
press.
8 Because the official data have again been made available to the
United States through the US-USSR Agricultural Agreement, or
have been published, calculating the quantities of oilseed meal
available for feed use is no longer necessary.
NOTE: Components may not add to total because of rounding.
\
inventory change. No vegetables are reported to have
been exported. Inventory change data—available only
in value terms for the retail trade system——groups
vegetables with fruits and berries. Because the value
of inventories has been fairly constant at 10 percent of
retail sales of the same products it seems unlikely that
lack of an inventory adjustment seriously biases the
vegetables fed series over time. The series for vegeta-
bles fed is derived in table C-8.
In contrast to feeding of potatoes where some data are
available, no data on total vegetables fed could be
found. A few statements on quantities fed on state
and collective farms or on collective farms alone were
found. These quantities, ranging from 600 thousand
tons in 1966 (Plan khoz, no. 1, 1967, p. 25) to 3.1
million tons in 1973 (L.T. Dageev, Podsobnyye prO—
myshlenniye predpriyatiya v sel 'sk0m khozyaystve,
Moscow, 1976, p. 14) were from half to two-thirds of
the derived quantity assumed fed. Because the private
sector produces nearly a third of total vegetables. it
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