“Gross”60+ pages
- p. 4 …The volume contains a series of tables estimating the Soviet gross national
product and its components…
- p. 5 …quantified estimates of
the value of Soviet gross national product (GNP), its rate of growth, its…
- p. 6 …The Soviet indices of industrial and agricultural production are based
on gross output rather than value…
- p. 7 …For
example, data on the amount of waste included in the gross output data of
agricultural…
- p. 8 …The measure shown represents “net output,” or gross output less products used
by agriculture (seed and…
- p. 9 …compendium on the Soviet
eeonomV- “The Real Gross National Product of the U.S.S.R…
- p. 10 …Contributions of Rush V. Greenslade ________ _________________-________ ____ __ 1x
I. Gross National Product of the USSR, 1950—80.-______________________________ 3…
- p. 12 …Release: 2019/07/19 C05210421
Part I. GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT OF THE USSR, 1950-80
By…
- p. 14 …Turnover Taxes as a Share of Gross Output in Industry, 1972
6. Subsidies on Agricultural Products…
- p. 15 …2019/07/19 C05210421
Gross National Product of the Soviet Union in Established Prices, 39
by…
- p. 16 …of Value Added in Agriculture
B-8. Gross Output, Total Material Purchases, and Value Added in…
- p. 17 …I
Soviet Gross National Product in Established Priceskby End Use,
I if
I970
D-6.
I…
- p. 18 …An International Comparison, 1981
Gross National Product of the USSR: An International Comparison, 1982
Soviet Economic…
- p. 19 …2019/07/19 C05210421
Gross National Product
of the USSR, 1950-80
Introduction
This paper presents…
- p. 20 …Lee, “USSR Gross National Product in Established Prices,
1955-1975,” Jahrbuch der Wirtsc/la/I Osteuropas…
- p. 27 …GNP for the Soviet
Union and of gross domestic product (GDP) for
selected OECD countries.” For…
- p. 34 …Lee, “USSR Gross
National Product," p. 413; and Becker, 1969, p. 128.
difference between the growth…
- p. 35 …conducted on a net rather than a gross basis.
The enterprise is expected to be managed…
- p. 41 …the business sector
and are included in gross private business investment.
The second US account shows…
- p. 43 …On the other hand, the tax
amounts to 30 percent of the gross output of the…
- p. 44 …Turnover taxes were 30 and 56 percent of the gross
outputs of the sugar and other…
- p. 45 …The capital stock data used
in this study are gross of depreciation.
Approved for Release: 2019…
- p. 47 …2019/07/19 C05210421
Table 8 Billion Rubles
Gross National Product of the Soviet Union '
in…
- p. 48 …The row and column sums are
determined as each sector’s gross output less, respec-
tively…
- p. 49 …2019/07/19 C05210421
Table 10 Percent
1970 Soviet Gross National Product
by End Use
W…
- p. 52 …Therefore, value added is computed
as a residual—the difference between gross output
and current material…
- p. 53 …Therefore, if in-
dexes of gross output and current inputs are both available, the
gross output…
- p. 56 …Each subbranch index measures
the gross output of an I-O sector by summing the
physical…
- p. 57 …The material-input index is less desirable
than a double deflation or gross output index, but…
- p. 58 …2019/07/19 C05210421
Appendix A '
Soviet Gross National
Product, 1950-80
This appendix presents the…
- p. 59 …5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Gross national product 133.6 137.7 145.8…
- p. 60 …4
._ §l§5QfI.i2j§§5
1.0
Gross national product 232.3 245.3 254.5…
- p. 61 …4 1.4 1.4 1.4
Gross national product 383.3 398.2 405.7…
- p. 62 …0 5.2 3.7 2.7___
Gross national product 5.5 5.9 5.0…
- p. 63 …8 7.6 5.8 4.0
Gross national product 3.1 5.9 5.2…
- p. 64 …5.1 4.; 2.9 7.7“
'
Gross national product 5.6 3.8 -1.1…
- p. 65 …2 3.4 0.8 1 4
Gross national product 3.9 1.9 7.3…
- p. 66 …9
0.3
2.5
0.3
Gross national product 100.0 100.0 100.0…
- p. 67 …3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Gross national product 100.0 100.0 100.0…
- p. 68 …3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Gross national product 100.0 100.0 100.0…
- p. 69 …3 51.2 55.1 58.3 _
Gross national product 34.9 35.9 38.0…
- p. 71 …7 134.1 135.2 137.1
Gross national product 100.0 103.9 105.9…
- p. 72 …27.5 24.. ?6i5j_;
Gross national product 133.6 137.7 145.8 153.4 160…
- p. 73 …1 43.7 45.9 s9.7_‘
Gross national product 232.3 245.3 254.5…
- p. 75 …4.5 1.1 5.9 -3.1
Gross national product 5.5 5.9 5…
- p. 76 …0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gross national product 3.1 5.9 5.2…
- p. 77 …0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Gross national product 5.6 3.8 -1.1…
- p. 78 …g
4.3
0.0 0.0
Gross national product 3.9 1.9 7.3…
- p. 79 …1 28.1 29.1 30.2
Gross national product 741.7 752.2 784.0…
- p. 80 …9 36.6 31.8 Ww3§’.98W
Gross national product 1,083.8 1,124.6…
- p. 81 …1 46.1 46.9 46.8
Gross national product 1,578.5 1,624.6…
- p. 82 …3.2
7*
1.4 1.3
Gross national product 3.7 4.0 3.5…
- p. 83 …1 14.0 13.8 13.5
Gross national product 100.0 100.0 100.0…
- p. 84 …8 13.4 13.3
7
17717
Gross national product 100.0 100.0 100.0…
- p. 85 …4 9.6 8.1 6.9
Gross national product 100.0 100.0 100.0…
- p. 86 …31.7 65.3______s.9 g
Gross national product 34.9 35.9 38.0…
- p. 87 …9 98.2 103.1 89.1
Gross national product 60.6 64.0 66.4…
- p. 88 …8 110.4 93.7 81.8
Gross national product 100.0 103.9 105.9…
- p. 89 …Subtracting the deflated material pur-
chases from the deflated gross output produces value
added in constant…
- p. 90 …The
ratio of material inputs (gross output less NMP) to
gross output declined slowly in this…
Approved for Release: 2019/07/19 C05210421
Table 8 Percent
Sensitivity Tests of Shares of Net Output
1950 1960 1970 1979
1970 prices
Net crops 5 5 46 46 46
Net livestock 45 54 54 54
Total 100 100
i
100100
No discounts
Net crops 55 48 49 48
Net livestock 45 52 51 52
Total 100 100 100 100
Flat discounts on grain
and sunflowers ‘
Net crops 52 45 46 44
Net livestock 48 55 54 56
Total I00 100 I00 I00
Additional discounts on
crops and eggs
Net crops 53 44 44 44
Net livestock 47 56 56 56
Total 100 100 100 100
Varying animal weight
Net crops 54 46 46 46
Net livestock 46 54 54 54
Total I00 100 100 I00
Feed valued at cost
Net crops 54 44 43 40
Net livestock 46 56 57 60
Total 100 100 100 100
1960 Prices
Net crops 62 53 54 53
Net livestock 38 47 46 47
Total 100 100 100 100
prices.‘°‘ As a result, the average absolute percentage
difference is much larger for livestock output than for
crops.
‘°' In 1962, prices paid to farms were raised for livestock, milk, eggs,
and for some crops. Under the Brezhnev agricultural program,
inaugurated in 1965, procurement price bonuses were established
for quantities of agricultural produce delivered above the plan.
Grain and milk prices were increased. In 1970, livestock prices went
up and 50 percerit price bonuses were introduced for sales above the
plan for livestock, milk, eggs, and wool. In the 1965-1975 period,
procurement prices rose by 70 percent for livestock products while
crop prices rose by only 30 percent. Cattle prices rose by 77 percent
and milk prices by 62 percent. Grain prices went up by only 41
percent during this period. (A. S. Baranov, Gosudarstvenniye
zagatovki v usloviyakh spetsializatsii i konsenlratsii sel 'sk0kho-
zyaystvennogo proizvodstva, Moscow, 1978, p. 162.)
Within the livestock sector, however, when 1960
prices are used, growth accelerates sufficiently to
offset the dampening effect of the increased share of
crop output for all periods except 1951-60. Growth in
livestock output is slower in 1970 prices than in 1960
prices because the largest price increases between
these two years occurred in the slowest growing
components of livestock output—~herd inventories and
meat production. Egg and poultry production posted
the largest increases among livestock products be-
tween 1960 and 1970, but the price increase for eggs
was the smallest among livestock products. The share
of poultry is too small to affect growth in total
livestock output.
VIII. Comparison of the CIA Index with Other In-
dexes of Soviet Agricultural Production
In this section we compare the CIA index with two
Western indexes of Soviet agricultural production—
one compiled by the Food and Agriculture Organiza-
tion of the UN, and the other by the USDA. In
addition, we contrast our index to the Soviet official
index of gross agricultural output. Finally, we" relate
our index in terms of definitions and methodology to
the US index of agricultural output compiled by the
USDA. The following tabulation summarizes growth
in Soviet agricultural production as measured by the
various indexes.
Average Annual Percentage
Rates of Growth
1951-79 1951-60 1961-70 1971-79
Net output
CIA index 3.0 4.3 3.7 1.5
USDA index 3.6 4.1 3.7 1.5
FAO index NA NA NA 0.9
Gross output
Official Soviet 3.2 4.8 3.3 1.4
index
CIA index 3.2 4.6 3.6 1.2
Each comparison is intended to define the extent and
causes of the differences in the indexes. We then
attempt to reconcile the indexes being compared.
278
Approved for Release: 2019/07/19 C05210421