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servants and ARVN, RF /PF, PSDF, and other paramilitary personnel were
classified in May 1975 according to their duties and grade. Civil officials were
classified as ordinary civil servantsjoffice chiefs, service chiefs, directors and
directors general, and vice ministers and ministers. Military and paramilitary
personnel were classified into the categories of enlisted, NCO, company grade,
field grade, and general staff officers. Each category was given a three-day
period, fixed in advance by the authorities, to report to the appropriate census
office. Once that time had passed and the person failed to report, valid reasons
for failure to register had to be presented to the authorities.
Each person first reported to the people’s revolutionary committee in
his/ her ward of residence, and then on designated days to the appropriate
district/precinct people's revolutionary committee agency where the census
offices were established. Civilians who were neither ARVN personnel nor civil
servants were told to apply for temporary residence identification papers.
After registration, census certificates were issued which had to be presented on
demand to the authorities. Registered individuals were instructed to remain at
home to await orders to depart for compulsory reeducation.
ARVN personnel from the rank of private to aspirant were told they
would attend a three-day reeducation course after which they would receive a
completion-of-reeducation certificate and would be given a date to apply for
temporary residence identification papers. ARVN officers from the rank of
second lieutenant through that of captain were told they would be required to
attend a 10-day reeducation course.’All officers of major rank and above were
told they would be required to attend a one-month reeducation course;
however, they were not told where it would be held but only the date and
time to report for transportation to the course.
Before each reeducation course began, the Ho Chi Minh City Military
Management Committee and regional authorities announced the designation
of the categories of the participants and the date and place where to report for
transportation. At first, the authorities announced by loudspeakers and
bullhorns that all former civil servants and military personnel without
distinction had to report for a 10-day reeducation course. However, upon
reporting, they were told by the authorities that the announced 10-day period
was only for travel time and that the duration of the courses had not been
firmly established. Each individual was required to bring a three- to ten-day
food supply along with clothing and the census registration certificate. For
enlisted personnel and NCOs and corresponding grades of civil servants, the
course length varied from one week to two months. Courses for officers and
corresponding grades of civil servants varied according to the results achieved
during reeducation by each individual, and the decision of the authorities; it
was indefinite. .
'
Two distinct and compartmented reeducation systems were established:
one administered by the Ministry of Interior (BNV) for former RVN civil
officials, National Police Command, Central Intelligence Organization,
Phoenix personnel, members of political parties, former employees of foreign
agencies, and other civilian categories; and the other by the CDV for military
personnel. BNV- and CDV-administered reeducation processing centers and
59
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