Documents / FOIA release
This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, numbered RTT 95-10039 and dated October 1995, presents the proceedings of a conference held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored the conference. In it, academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials examined ethnic conflict by region, covering Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. The report also discusses what these conflicts mean for US policy. It does not deal with UFOs or unidentified aerial phenomena.
“Nevers”25 pages
Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268 Western Europe ’s Lesser Used Languages Belgium German Denmark German France Breton Catalan Basque Corsican Dutch German/Alsatian Occitan Germany North Frisian East Frisian Danish Polish Greece A rvinite Turkish Macedonian Vlak Ireland Irish Italy French (Franco-Pro vencal) Occitan German Ladin Slovene Friulan Sard Catalan Greek Crodtian Albanian Luxembourg Letzebuergesch Netherlands West Frisian Spain Catalan Gallego Basque Occitan United Kingdom Gaelic Scots Comish Irish Welsh Conclusion Ethnic mobilization is so often a surrogate for other issues such as political snuggle, economic depriva- tion, and psychological adjustment to the status quo. Ethnic issues, whether as purposive or reactive ele- ments, are likely to increase in their salience as West- em Europe avers a more open, pltualistic society. Geographers can play an important role in analyzing the conventional elements of migration, distribution, and tenitorial organization of society. However, the major challenge facing us is in interpreting the trends that emerge as a result of the disjuncture between the formally structured political units—at whatever scale from local to superstructural-—-and the actual social behavior of an increasingly autonomous and individu- alistic citizenry. Coping with this new complex reality by learning to read between the lines will be the chief social skill required of both active citizen and special- ist observer alike. Let me end by raising a few critical questions that geographers and others will need to address if Europe is to honor the basic rights of all its constituent citizens: ' On what basis will the new European identity be constructed—federal, regional, racial, or national‘? - What effect will the enlargement of the European Union have on the intemal ethnolinguistic and regional management of the Community? - To what extent will border tensions spill into Com- munity states, and how will these effect the grand design of opening up the frontiers of Europe? ~ How permeable are the new frontiers of the Euro- pean Community? ~ “fill ethnicity, as a base for social mobilization, increase or decrease with greater political-economic integration? - How will political organizations, especially metro- politan authorities, cope with the increased diversity of their constituent citizens and the newly enfran- chised rights of cultural pluralism? ~ What role will territory and place have in structuring the life chances of hitherto discriminated minorities? ~ Will we have a nested hierarchy of disadvantage aggravated by global economic changes inducing the expansion of domination and dependence of the poor and the racially distinct? ~ Who controls access to information within the mother tongue and the working languages of the European minorities? 53 Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268
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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.