(Estimated Pub Date) the Challenge of Ethnic Conflict to National and International Order in the 1990S: Geographic Perspectives- October 1995

Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268
References (continued)
between ethnic group aspirations and government pol-
icies. The study also examines the significance of geo-
graphical context for minority group goals.
Murphy, Alexander B. “Territorial Policies in Multi-
ethnic States.” Geographical Review, 79 (4), 1989;
pp. 410-421. An overview of the nature and impact of
different kinds of ethnoterritorial policies in culturally
heterogenous states. The study shows that territorial
policies are not necessarily pluralist in intent and
effect. '
——-— “Urbanism and the Diffusion of Substate
Nationalist Ideas in Western Europe." History of
European Ideas, 15 (4-6), 1992; pp. 639-645. An
examination of the importance of settlement structure
for the development and dissemination of ethnona-
tionalist ideas. The study points to the importance of
of the role that elites play in the development of ethnic
movements. The study provides interesting insights
into the circumstances that are likely to lead to ethnic
mobilization.
——--. The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Basil
Blackwell, 1986. A seminal work on the nature of eth-
nicity and nationalism. The study adopts a historical
approach to show the continuities and discontinuities
between modem ethnic nationalism and its premodern
antecedents.
White, George W. “The Tenitorial Dimension of Hun-
garian Etlmic Identity.” Yearbook of the Association of
Pacific Coast Geographers, 44, 1992; pp.23-48. A
thoughtful overview of Hungarian territorial issues in
the aftermath of World War I. The study highlights the
'mportance of group sense ofterritory in the delimita-
an urban base for a minority group’s ability to extract tion of national boundaries.
concessions from state authorities.
Rumley, Dennis and Minghi, Julian V., eds. The Geog-
raphy of Border Landscapes. London: Routledge,
1991. An interesting collection of essays looking at
the various ways in which groups use landscapes to
establish and maintain borders for political and cul-
tural purposes. The book includes case studies from a
variety of different settings.
Sack, Robert D. Human Territoriality: Its Theory and
History. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University
Press, 1986. A major statement on human efforts to
exert control over geographical space. The study dis-
cusses the historical development of territoriality,
examines some of the reasons for adopting a territorial
approach, and indicates some of the implications of-
such an approach.
Smith, Anthony D. “Nationalism, Ethnic Separatism,
and the Intelligentsia.” In National Separatism. Edited
by Colin H. Williams. Vancouver: University of'Brit-
ish Columbia Press, 1982; pp. 17-41. A good analysis
Williams, Colin H. and Smith, Anthony D. “The
National Construction of Social Space.” Progress in
Human Geography, 7 (4), 1983; PP- 502-518. A good
overview of the ways in which geography is impli-
cated in ethnicity and ethnic relations. The article
focuses on a variety of spatial and territorial issues
that are relevant to ethnic conflict.
Wixman, Ronald. “Applied Soviet Nationality Policy:
A Suggested Rationale.” In Passé Turco-Tatar-—
Présent Soviétique: Etudes Oflertes a Alexandre Ben-
nigsen. Edited by Ch. Lemercier-Quelquejay, G. Vein-
stein, and S. E. Wimbush. Louvain: Editions Peeters,
1986; pp. 449-468. An interesting case study that
shows how ethnic territories have been manipulated to
achieve particular political ends. The study focuses
attention on the importance of the historical develop-
ment of tenitoiial stmctures for ethnic group relations.
14
Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268