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(Estimated Pub Date) the Challenge of Ethnic Conflict to National and International Order in the 1990S: Geographic Perspectives- October 1995

Central Intelligence Agency · 1995-10-01 · 205 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, numbered RTT 95-10039 and dated October 1995, presents the proceedings of a conference held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored the conference. In it, academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials examined ethnic conflict by region, covering Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. The report also discusses what these conflicts mean for US policy. It does not deal with UFOs or unidentified aerial phenomena.

  • p. 18 …Questions are asked about the role of Quebec in Canadian national politics, the political tactics of…
  • p. 19 …because the manipulation of the environment is a fre- quently used tactic to advance particular ethnoterrito…
  • p. 39 …the justification for current demands on both sides. ‘ The Hungarians saw the Czech majority as advanced…
  • p. 58 …Despite the current difficulties with the European Monetary Regime (ERM) and the post—Maastricht negotiations, the…
  • p. 60 …the opening up of Europe to democratic ideals and representative politics, which follows the advance of…
  • p. 62 …sectors of the advanced capitalist world economy. In light of the new immigration, the stereotyping of…
  • p. 97 …and other non-Indian groups to advance common interests. The objectives of newly emerging Indian militancy…
  • p. 111 …has been advanced that could result in the separation of the two peoples, the Arab-Israeli…
  • p. 124 …especially the Uighur, Kazakh, Tajik, and Hui; Korean (the most educated and economically advanced nationality in…
  • p. 130 …As Christianity advances, both in the mountains and also in distinct urban and lowland mainstream communi…
  • p. 132 …the moun- tains of Xieng Khuang and Nam Thain northern Laos, Communist forces consistently advanced, supplied…
  • p. 138 …sought to advance their interests by a wide variety of means. These include the formation and…
  • p. 140 …It also notes the means by which ethnic groups seek to advance their interests and by…
  • p. 144 …more advanced than those previously ruled by the less progressive princes, such‘ as the Nizam of…
  • p. 161 …the demographic com- munity, and sometimes “corrections” are advanced by demographers outside the country. The only…
  • p. 182 …Brunn, “Future of the Nation State System,” Political Geography: Recent Advances and Future V. A. Kolosov…
  • p. 191 …any- where threaten stability everywhere, including the most advanced West European democracies. What happens in Central…
Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268
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far-reaching weapons and technology. So the Defense
Department, and the US Government in general, has
quite an interest in this phenomenon and is trying to
understand it and construct a; strategy to address it.
In attempting to grapple with this issue, initial think-
ing on a Clinton national security strategy has focused
on three elements?
' Engagement. The United States is committed to
remaining engaged in international affairs.
~ Prevention. We want to prevent or contain the
effects of ethnic conflict. We want to use all the ele-
ments of national power, development assistance,
and trade assistance to prevent conflict, and, if that
does not work, we want to act early to keep the con-
flict small. ,
~ Partnership. We want to expand the core group of
like-minded democratic countries that we forged
during the Cold War and have this group work as a
I
1 In July 1994, the Clinton Administration published its first com-
prehensive national security strategy, which used as its concep-
tional framework the elements of "engagement" and
"enlargement." _
partnership to either prevent or to contain conflict.
We need to work together in a variety of multilateral
and bilateral ways to marshal all those resources
together as a partnership for addressing the issue.
The govemment needs much more analysis to under-
stand in a robust way the phenomenon of ethnic and
national conflict. We need academic researchers to
tum toward applied robust, rigorous, and predictive
research that we can bring inside the govemment in
testable ways and see if we can motivate policy. We
are not interested in sponsoring more original
research; as Dr. Ted Gurr wrote in his book on conflict
a few years ago, there are 686 books on the theory of
conflict—we do not want a 687th. What we want are
robust, testable, applied research and models that we
can bring inside the govemment. We take this problem
seriously. It is a critical issue of US national security.
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Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268

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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.