Documents / FOIA release
This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, numbered RTT 95-10039 and dated October 1995, presents the proceedings of a conference held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored the conference. In it, academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials examined ethnic conflict by region, covering Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. The report also discusses what these conflicts mean for US policy. It does not deal with UFOs or unidentified aerial phenomena.
“Anderson”6 pages
Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268 There is some relationship to the well-being of a state that has chances of overcoming ethnic disrepair and the economic downturn that might presage it. This relates a little bit also to what Dr. Fuller said earlier. It might also mean that we ought to think twice before we use sanctions and economic destruction to achieve our aims in a foreign country. I still feel that, had sanc- tions not been imposed on South Africa, the democra- tization process might have taken longer but would have cost far fewer lives and have had a more satisfac- tOI'y Ol1tCOl'l'16. DR. MIKESELL: I would say of all national policies, the one that is most likely to result in violence is non- recognition; to say simply, “Ypu don’t exist. Your lan- guage is merely a dialect. Your religion is a heterodoxy." It drives people crazy to be told that they do not exist. It hardly seems conceivable that Musso- lini’s policy toward South Tyrol would be the model that the world wants to emulate and, yet, this indeed is happening all the time. It is the redundancy of this pathology that I find so depressing. QUESTION: If this policy of nonrecognition is a key aggravating factor, can you identify the flip side of that? Can you put a name on a key ameliorating factor that is helping to contain that? DR. MIKESELL: That would involve cases where there seems to be accommodation, such as the extraor- dinary examples of Finland, where a minority group was made a partner from the beginning. In this case, the Finns anticipated the needs of the Swedish minor- ity, rather than waiting until the Swedes were shouting and demonstrating. Unfortunately, there are very few examples of this enlightened policy. 177 Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268
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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.