Documents / FOIA release

(Estimated Pub Date) the Challenge of Ethnic Conflict to National and International Order in the 1990S: Geographic Perspectives- October 1995

Central Intelligence Agency · 1995-10-01 · 205 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, numbered RTT 95-10039 and dated October 1995, presents the proceedings of a conference held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored the conference. In it, academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials examined ethnic conflict by region, covering Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. The report also discusses what these conflicts mean for US policy. It does not deal with UFOs or unidentified aerial phenomena.

  • p. 120 …To follow Ben Anderson (1983), it is the feeling of “othemess” one experiences while in exile…
  • p. 121 …In Ben Anderson’s terms, Dr. Sun was engaged in “stretching the short, tight skin of…
  • p. 126 …2018/06/01 C00123268 References Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflec- tions on the Origin and Spread…
  • p. 133 …erected on the ruins of ancient civilizations (Anderson; 1991). The same passions that inflamed modern European…
  • p. 135 …2018/06/01 C00123268 References Anderson, Benedict 1991. Imagined Communities: Hickey, Gerald 1982. Sons of the…
  • p. 182 …and Society, Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1987. J. Anderson, “Nationalist ideology and territory," in Approved for Release…
‘Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268
DR. SCHWARTZBERG: The Indian Govemment has
been willing to pull back. This has not happened yet in
Kashmir and Punjab, however.
QUESTION: Would you comment on the Kashmir sit-
uation? §
DR. SCHWARTZBERG: I plan to work on Kashmir
during the coming year. The people in Kashmir are
alienated to a degree that willpreclude their reconcili-
ation with India. I cannot predict exactly the shape of
the future of Kashmir, but I will predict that there will
be a significant change in the situation there.
I am more optimistic in the case of Punjab, a richer
area and strategically much more important. There
seem to be signs that India has the Punjab situation
l
s
F
Reverse Blank , 149
under control. However, the raid on the Golden Tem-
ple will not soon be forgotten, nor the many other
human rights abuses that the Indian Govemment has
committed in the name of quelling that insurrection. I
believe, however, that the prospects for reconciliation
exist, and many people who know Punjab better than I
do say that, even at the worst of times, the majority of
Sikhs were always moderate and that the extremists
never represented the Sikh rank and file.
One fundamental difference between Kashmir and the
Punjab is that the dissociation of Punjab from India
would probably let loose an unstoppable Ball<aniza-
tion of India, while dissociation of Kashmir would not
necessarily result in such an outcome.
Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268

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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is above. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.