Documents / FOIA release

(Estimated Pub Date) the Challenge of Ethnic Conflict to National and International Order in the 1990S: Geographic Perspectives- October 1995

Central Intelligence Agency · 1995-10-01 · 205 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Central Intelligence Agency conference report, numbered RTT 95-10039 and dated October 1995, presents the proceedings of a conference held 30 September to 1 October 1993. The CIA's Geographic Resources Division sponsored the conference. In it, academic geographers, anthropologists and US Government officials examined ethnic conflict by region, covering Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Asia and South Asia. The report also discusses what these conflicts mean for US policy. It does not deal with UFOs or unidentified aerial phenomena.

  • p. 50 …For example, Muslim Serbs and Muslim Croats never defined them- selves as a people. They never…
  • p. 51 …I think that’s very crucial to under- standing why the Albanians never claimed Kosovo. Of…
  • p. 62 …be taught as a second foreign language, never as the first, and d_) less information and…
  • p. 78 …It never was. It might be useful, instead, to view the Soviet Union as a colonial…
  • p. 91 …As such, the ability of states to get from their people what they want has never…
  • p. 92 …The peoples of Africa never chose what their bound- aries should be—they were imposed by…
  • p. 93 …I never would have sent them in the first place. I thought our job was to…
  • p. 109 …Most of the provisions of this agreement were never imple- mented, and Kurdish autononiy became a…
  • p. 110 …those remaining in Lebanon, that prospect was never accepted by Muslims. The absence of believable data…
  • p. 112 …the vast majority of them—who have never known democracy. Other hopes can be enter- tained…
  • p. 114 …But in this region we can never say never, as evi- denced by the recent gasp…
  • p. 116 …Although Sovietologists could never have predicted the rapid events that dismantled the USSR at the beginning…
  • p. 119 …The Chinese, in my opinion,‘ never take China for granted, culturally, politically, or otherwise. This is…
  • p. 120 …What is going on here? National identities, although imagined, are never arbi- trary but arise in…
  • p. 121 …be one reason why these categories have never been challenged. The very Confucian practice of the…
  • p. 123 …These ethnic identities are “imagined” in Ben Ander- son’s (1983) terms, but they are never…
  • p. 133 …Inter- vention in the cause of the exacerbation of ethnic conflict should never be justified. Intervention…
  • p. 141 …Sociocultural identities in South Asia have never been fixed. The corporate mobility of particular groups, some…
  • p. 147 …Although never posing a serious challenge to Congress, the Mahasabha was particularly influential in the period…
  • p. 157 …were always moderate and that the extremists never represented the Sikh rank and file. One fundamental…
  • p. 166 …These are the people who have never had any form of internationally recognized status and who…
  • p. 169 …ways to enter as illegal immigrants and never get counted. 1 I Another important point to…
  • p. 177 …The -French nation never managed to incorpo- rate the adjacent French-speaking Belgian Walloons or the…
  • p. 186 …The reason Armenians still hate Turks is that there has never been reconciliation. Similarly there will…
  • p. 204 …You are never going to have total agreement on mov- ing boundaries. In fact, hundreds of…
Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268
Russell, Philip L., The Chiapas Rebellion. Austin
Texas: The Mexican Resource Center, 1995. The
author is a journalist with years of experience in Mex-
ico who presents detailed background information on
the long-term abuses of Indian rights in Chiapas. The
book is current through the August 1994 presidential
elections. -
Schmink, Marianne and Charles H. Wood, eds., Fron-
tier Expansion in Amazoniaj Gainesville: University
of Florida Press, 1984. A collection of 20 papers from
the Second Conference on the Amazon, held at the
University of Florida in 1982. The focus of the papers
is on colonization policies oi" the Amazonian nations,
and some papers have become widely cited near clas-
SICS.
Starn, Orrin, “New Literature on Peru’s Sendero
Luminoso,” Latin American_Research Review, 27:2
(1992), pp. 212-226. A comparative review of six
recent (1989-91) books on Peru’s Maoist guerrilla
movement. Five of the six books reviewed are pub-
lished in Spanish in Peru. This review notes the lack
of “any appeal to ‘lndianness’ in Sendero’s official
ideology” cited by “many recent observers.”
Stavenhagen, Rodolfo, “Challenging the Nation-State
in Latin America,” Journal of International Afiairs,"
45:2 (Winter 1992), pp. 421-440. This brief paper by
one of Mexico’s most highly regarded social scientists
presents a clear and succinct survey of changing rela-
tions between the state and Indians in Latin America.
This article provides important background for under-
standing current state-Indian relations in the region.
l
1
Urban, Greg and Joel Sherzer, eds., Nation-States and
Indians in Latin America. Austin: The University of
Texas Press, 1991. A collection of 12 essays describ-
ing various aspects of the relationship of Latin Ameri-
can Indians with the state. These essays provide a
theoretical framework for analysis of Indian responses
to conflict with national govemments.
Winant, Howard, “Rethinking Race in Brazil,” Jour-
nal of Latin American Studies, 24:1 (February 1992),
pp. 173-92. The author argues that racism exists inde-
pendently of class in Brazil. Black political organiza-
tions are named, and the emergence of the race issue is
explored. The paper concludes that politicization of
race has become a fact of life in Brazil.
Yelvington, Kelvin, ed., Trinidad Ethnicity. Knoxville:
The University of Tennessee Press, 1993. This book
contains 12 essays that cover various aspects of ethnic
relations and ethnicity in Trinidad and Tobago. Offer-
ings range from social and political topics to literature
and music.
Zapeta, Estuardo, “Guatemala: Maya Movement at
the Political Crossroads,” Abya Yala News, 8:3 (Fall
1994), pp. 10-13. Analysis of the Maya Indian politi-
cal movement in Guatemala. Concludes that the
movement has great potential for gaining political
power but so far falls short of achieving its promise.
The Anny is a significant barrier to achievement of
true power.
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Approved for Release: 2018/06/01 C00123268

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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 205 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.