Documents / FOIA release

The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance; the U-2 and Oxcart Programs, 1954-1974

Central Intelligence Agency · 1900-01-01 · 406 pages · text by OCR

This is a 1992 CIA History Staff monograph by Gregory W. Pedlow and Donald E. Welzenbach, originally classified Secret NOFORN and approved for release in 2013. It covers the CIA's manned overhead reconnaissance program from 1954 to 1974 and the two aircraft it developed, the U-2 and the A-12 OXCART. The history covers the U-2 overflights of the Soviet Union, the 1960 downing of Francis Gary Powers and later operations in Asia and Latin America. It also includes a section on U-2s, UFOs and Operation BLUE BOOK.

  • p. 6 …U-2 Support for DDP Operations in Tibet...216 U-2Cs for Detachment C...217 U…
  • p. 170 …Detachment C mainly collected high-altitude weather data, although it also flew two missions over Tibet…
  • p. 229 …One important area of DDP activity during this period was Tibet. In March 1959, the PLA…
  • p. 231 Chapter 5 Lhasa, Tibet, November 1959 Although the plane was equipped with a camera, it carried…
  • p. 232 …Flights by Detachment C U-2s over Tibet and western China continued during the first half…
  • p. 245 …Khli when it staged four sorties over Tibet from 29 September to 10 November 1963. In…
  • p. 398 …301-302, 304, 307 Thule, Greenland 172 Tibet 157, 216, 219, 232 Time 99 TIME STEP…
or more of the aircraft was always being repaired, and eventually three of the five AQUILINE prototypes were destroyed in testing.

At this point the project was turned over to the Office of Special Activities for operational testing Flight tests showed the aircraft to be successful by the standards originally set for the project in 1967, as it flew 130 miles and obtained very high resolution photography of a target before returning successfully to the original launchsite. However, improving AQUILINE sufficiently to make it a practical long-range reconnaissance system was estimated to cost another $35 million and take two to three years. On the recommendation of DDS&T Carl Duckett on 1 November 1971, Project AQUILINE was canceled.

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FOIA release, from the cia-readingroom collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. The text was read from the page images by an OCR model; expect the odd misread word. 406 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.